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bureaucracy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the second ranking person in a federal department?

A

deputy secretary

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2
Q

What is the title of the person that works just below the deputy secretary?

A

under secretary

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3
Q

What does the Department of State do?

A

conduct U.S. foreign policy, manage foreign relations, protect/assist U.S. citizens living/traveling abroad, assist American businesses in the international marketplace, and coordinate/support international activities of other U.S. agencies, official overseas visits, and other diplomatic efforts

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4
Q

What does the Department of the Treasury do?

A

produce currency/coinage, collect taxes paid and due to the federal government, pay federal government’s bills, manage federal finances and public debt, enforce federal finance and tax laws, investigates/prosecutes tax evasion, produces statistical economic reports

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5
Q

What does the Department of Defense do?

A

coordinate and supervise U.S. national security and the U.S. Armed Forces. contain the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Space Force

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6
Q

What does the Department of the Interior do?

A

manage and conserve 75% of federal lands and natural resources

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7
Q

What does the Department of Agriculture do?

A

develop and execute laws related to forestry, farming, rural economic development, and food.

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8
Q

What does the Department of Justice do?

A

enforce federal law and represent the U.S. federal government in legal matters, including in court.

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9
Q

What does the Department of Commerce do?

A

create conditions for economic growth and opportunity, gather economic and demographic data for business and government decision making, block harmful trade practices

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10
Q

What does the Department of Labor do?

A

create laws regarding occupational safety and health, wage and hour standards, unemployment benefits, and reemployment services.

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11
Q

What does the Department of Veterans Affairs do?

A

provide healthcare services (disability compensation, vocational rehabilitation, education assistance, home loans, life insurance, and burial & memorial benefits.

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12
Q

What does the Department of Health and Human Services do?

A

protect the health of Americans and provide essential human services.

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13
Q

What does the Department of Housing & Urban Development do?

A

administer federal housing and urban development laws.

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14
Q

What does the Department of Transportation do?

A

develop and coordinate policies that provide an efficient and economical national transportation system.

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15
Q

What does the Department of Energy do?

A

oversee U.S. national energy policy, manage U.S. research and development of nuclear power and nuclear weapons.

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16
Q

What does the Department of Education do?

A

establish policies on federal financial aid for education, distribute financial aid, and monitor the funds. collect data on American schools, focuses on educational issues, and prohibits discrimination and ensures equal access to education.

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17
Q

What does the Department of Homeland Security do?

A

responsible for public security (anti-terrorism, border security, immigration and customs enforcement, cyber security, and disaster prevention and management).

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18
Q

What is civil service reform?

A

the desire for the best government for the citizens instead of a government most loyal to the president

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19
Q

What is the Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883?

A

an act that prevented the constant reward to loyal party members. created the merit system and the Civil Service Commission.

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20
Q

What replaced the Civil Service Commission?

A

U.S. Office of Personnel Management

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21
Q

What is the title of the Department of Justice’s head?

A

Attorney General

22
Q

What is the title of the Department of Labor’s head?

A

Acting Secretary

23
Q

What is the entity whose decisions the U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal/Supreme Court usually upholds?

A

Independent Commissions of the Federal Government

24
Q

What is Chevron deference?

A

when laws defining the responsibilities of an executive department/agency are vague/ambiguous, the courts should defer to the interpretation of the agency.

25
Q

What are Independent Federal Agencies and why do they exist?

A

Independent Federal Agencies are agencies that are not housed within a larger federal department. They exist so that a larger department does not exert undue influence over them.

26
Q

What is delegated discretionary authority?

A

the power Congress grants to executive departments and agencies to interpret legislation and create rules.

27
Q

What is the Administrative Procedures Act of 1946?

A

The act that formalized the bureaucratic rule-making process in order to make it fair and transparent. Agencies must publish information on what they are implementing (the goal that justifies the rule, the authority to create the rule, the regulatory text in full, the date it will apply, and the grace period). Once the regulation is finalized, it is placed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations and printed in the Federal Register.

28
Q

What was the first regulatory commission created by Congress and why was it created?

A

Interstate Commerce Commission. Created due to the rapid expansion of the Industrial Revolution.

29
Q

How do federal departments/agencies create regulations?

A

Congress gives the federal department/agency authorization, which takes the form of legislation passed into law (requires signature from the president). This then guides the federal department/agency to achieve the goal set by the legislation.

30
Q

What is compliance monitoring?

A

when federal departments/agencies make sure firms, companies, and industries that are subject to its regulations are following those standards.

31
Q

What is a federal department?

A

a division of the federal government that is defined by the tasks they are assigned.

32
Q

Who creates federal departments?

A

Congress

33
Q
A
33
Q
A
34
Q

What does the Take Care clause state?

A

The president must faithfully execute the laws made by Congress.

34
Q

What is an issue network?

A

a group formed by committee staffers, academics, advocates, think tank leaders, interest groups, and the media to create a specific policy on an issue.

34
Q

What effect did the sixteenth amendment have on the federal bureaucracy?

A

It grew substantially because with the sixteenth amendment, they now had more funding to carry out their duties.

34
Q

How many members constitute an independent commission and what type of terms do they have?

A

has a board of 5-7 members, serve staggering terms so that no single president can replace the entire board

35
Q

What is the Whistleblower Protection Act?

A

an act that prohibits a federal agency from retaliating or threatening an employee for disclosing acts that one believes were illegal/dishonest.

36
Q

What was the rotation system?

A

firing Executive Branch members that remained from the previous presidency from the highest to lowest stations regardless of merit or performance.

37
Q

What are appropriations?

A

funds set aside by Congress for a certain purpose.

38
Q

What is administrative law?

A

the area of law in which a regulatory agency, commission, or board imposes a fine or punishment like a court

39
Q

Where are administrative law rulings appealable?

A

the U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal and the U.S. Supreme Court

40
Q

What is congressional committee clearance?

A

the authority of some congressional committees to review and approve/disapprove certain agencies in advance

41
Q

What is the relationship between an agency, congressional committee, and interest groups called?

A

the Iron Triangle

42
Q

How does Congress rely on agencies/departments?

A

They rely on agencies/departments to provide them expert advice to create legislation.

43
Q

How do agencies/departments rely on Congress?

A

They rely on Congress to fund their mission and priorities.

44
Q

Why do interest groups form political action committees (PACs)?

A

to get regulations passed, policies implemented, or to repeal/prevent adverse regulations from being implemented.

45
Q

What did the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 do?

A

It made it more difficult to fire career bureaucratic professionals and hire based on preferences for veterans (to balance gender representation). It also gave the president greater ability to make upper-level management appointments, giving them more control on implementing their policy agendas.

46
Q

What is a government corporation?

A

a hybrid of a government agency and a private company

ap government (7 decks)

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