Bulk transport

Question 1

bulk transport

Answer 1

movement of macromolecules (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates) in and out of the cell, Require ATP energy, so they are active transporters.

Question 2

exocytosis

Answer 2

macromolecules are transported out of the cell via GA vesicles:
1. vesicle is formed in ER and GA

2. Vesicles transfer to membrane
3. Vesicles fuse to plasma and bilayer merges
4. vesicle contents are released into extracellular space (important for waste removal out of cell)

Question 3

endocytosis

Answer 3

macromolecules are imported into cell without physically going through cell membrane), There are 2 kinds: phagocytosis + pinocytosis.

Question 4

phagocytosis

Answer 4

1. a cell membrane surrounds macromolecules or an entire cell (parasite, bacterium, virus) from the external environment and buds off into cytoplasm forming a food vacuole/ phagosome
2. Phagosome fuses with a lysosome that digests food or pathogen.

Question 5

pinocytosis

Answer 5

cell engulfs liquids and forms vesicles smaller than phagosomes inside the cytoplasm