active transport

Question 1

active transport

Answer 1

opposite of simple diffusion, ATP is used as a source of energy that enables enzymes called ATP pumps to work

Question 2

characteristics

Answer 2

• movement against (up) the concentration gradient
• energy is required / active transport
• assistance is required (presence of transmembrane proteins)

Question 3

examples

Answer 3

ions, glucose, amino acids

Question 4

Na+/K+ dependant pump

Answer 4

3 sodium ions bind to the pump on the side of the cytoplasm and break down ATP to fuel conformational change. They are then released out of the cell. Newley-shaped pump then allows 2 potassium ions to bind and then be let into cell, reverting to it’s original shape