Building Context

Question 1

expanding grid

Answer 1

Pattern of urban development - city begins at junction of 2 major roads and is laid out on a grid

Question 2

star pattern

Answer 2

pattern of urban development - city grows out of a dense urban core, with development radiating spokes of main highways and mass transit routes out of center

Question 3

satellite pattern

Answer 3

pattern of urban development - large, dense urban core surrounded by other major urban areas (linked by major highways)

Question 4

beltway

Answer 4

circular road system that connects sattellite areas

Question 5

field pattern

Answer 5

pattern of urban development - no central focus or apparent organization

Question 6

megalopolis

Answer 6

form of urban development - 2+ urban centers near each other grow together as the space between them is developed

Question 7

imageability

Answer 7

quality of physical environment that evokes a strong image

Question 8

path

Answer 8

way of circulation along which people customarily, occasionally, or potentially move

Question 9

edge

Answer 9

linear element that forms a boundary or breaks continuity

Question 10

district

Answer 10

two dimensional area having some identifying character

Question 11

node

Answer 11

focal point or center of interest that people can enter

Question 12

landmark

Answer 12

reference point but viewed from the exterior

Question 13

superblock

Answer 13

concept that minimizes impact of the car on housing and allows the development of pedestrian circulation and park space within a block

Question 14

planned unit development (pud)

Answer 14

each large parcel of land is designed to have a mix of uses and to have a variety of lot sizes and densities

Question 15

transit oriented development

Answer 15

construction that takes place in areas surrounding transit stops - includes relatively high density of living units, commercial development, other support services

Question 16

catchment areas

Answer 16

geographical region of land development that is dependent on or affected by some surrounding base of population

Question 17

proxemics

Answer 17

deals with issues of spacing between people, territoriality, organization of space, and positioning of people in the space (related to the culture of which they are a part)

Question 18

behavior setting

Answer 18

place with defined boundaries in which a standing pattern of behavior occurs at a particular time

Question 19

territoriality

Answer 19

need to lay claim to the spaces we occupy and the things we own

Question 20

local streets

Answer 20

lowest capacity and provide access to building sites

Question 21

collector streets

Answer 21

connect local streets with large arterial streets - higher capacity

Question 22

arterial street

Answer 22

major, continuous circulation routes that carry large amounts of traffic (2-3 lanes)

Question 23

expressway

Answer 23

limited access roads designed to move large volumes of traffic between, through, and around population centers.

Question 24

macroclimate

Answer 24

overall climate of a region

Question 25

microclimate

Answer 25

site-specific modifications of the microclimate by features like land slope, trees and vegetation, bodies of water, and buildings

Question 26

albedo

Answer 26

fraction of radiant energy received on a surface that is reflected and expressed as a number from 0 - 1 (solar reflectance)

Question 27

reflectivity

Answer 27

used to measure the solar heat rejection of non-roof materials (vegetation, shading devices, other less reflective components) - value from 0 - 1

Question 28

emissivity

Answer 28

ability of a surface to emit stored energy - value from 0 - 1

Question 29

thermal emittance

Answer 29

similar measure of thermal radiation

Question 30

solar reflectance index (sri)

Answer 30

measure of a roof’s ability to reject solar heat

Question 31

heat island effect

Answer 31

unnatural buildup of hear around buildings

Question 32

wetland

Answer 32

area whose soil is inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater frequently enough that it can support plants that are adapted to living in saturated soil

Question 33

infiltration basin

Answer 33

closed depression in the earth from which water can escape only into the soil

Question 34

catch basin

Answer 34

area that temporarily contains excessive runoff until it can flow at a controlled rate into the storm sewer system

Question 35

bioswale

Answer 35

shallow grass-lined ditch or channel designed to detain storm runoff and remove sediments while allowing water to seep into the ground

Question 36

crime prevention through environmental design (cpted)

Answer 36

implemented through architectural methods, mechanical access controls, natural access controls, electronic methods, and organizational methods

Question 37

core

Answer 37

focus of a district that may be perceived as a symbol of that part of the city