Building blocks of life

Question 1

Name all the levels of classification in the Linnaean system

Answer 1

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 2

What is the binomial system?

Answer 2

a standardized two-part naming system used to classify and name species of living organisms. Each scientific name consists of the GENUS and SPECIES names

Question 3

In the 1700s who began to classify species into different categories?

Answer 3

Carl Linnaeus

Question 4

Do an exam question on evolutionary trees

Question 5

Label a diagram of a microscope

Answer 5

Key features
Eyepiece
Objective lense
Stage clip
Stage
Coarse adjustment knob
Fine adjustment knob
Light source

Question 6

Define a prokaryotic cell

Answer 6

a single-celled organism lacking a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eg bacteria

Question 7

Define a eukaryotic cell

Answer 7

a cell that has its genetic material (DNA) enclosed within a nucleus

Question 8

Basic rules for biological drawings

Answer 8

.Include magnification
.Do not shade
.Use a pencil
.Solid outlines
.Label necessary features neatly

Question 9

Define specialised cells

Answer 9

cells with unique structures and functions that are adapted for specific roles within an organism

Question 10

Examples of specialised cells (animal)

Answer 10

.Red blood cells
.Muscle cells
.Nerve cells
.Sperm cells

Question 11

Examples of specialised cells (plant)

Answer 11

.Root hair cells
.Xylem and Phloem

Question 12

Define biomolecule

Answer 12

organic compounds found in living organisms, essential for life’s processes

Question 13

Examples of biomolecules

Answer 13

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic acids and Lipids

Question 15

Test for sugars

Answer 15

.Add Benedict’s solution to the food solution
.Heat up in water bath
.Positive test ranges from the colours (green, yellow, orange, red) depending on the sugar concentration
.If no sugar is present, the solution remains blue

Question 16

Test for sugars

Answer 16

.Add Benedict’s solution to the food solution
.Heat up in water bath
.Positive test ranges from the colours (green, yellow, orange, red) depending on the sugar concentration
.If no sugar is present, the solution remains blue

Question 17

Test for Lipids/Fats

Answer 17

.Add ethanol to the food/food solution
.Pour into second test tube containing distilled water
.If lipids are present a white cloudy emulsion forms

Question 18

Test for protein

Answer 18

.Add Biuret reagent to food solution and mix
.Positive test shows a purple or lilac colour
.If no protein is present, solution remains blue