Bugs with Exotoxins

Question 1

Bugs with ADP ribosylating A-B toxin?

Answer 1

Pertussis, ETEC (heat labile), Cholera, Exotoxin A (Pseudomonas), Diphtheria (PECED)

Question 2

Exotoxin A?

Answer 2

Pseudomonas, Strep pyogenes

Question 3

Inactivates EF-2?

Answer 3

Diphtheria, Pseudomonas

Question 4

MOA of shiga toxin/shiga-like toxin?

Answer 4

Inactivates 60S ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA

Question 5

Causes HUS?

Answer 5

Shiga toxin and shiga-like toxin

Question 6

Shiga-like toxin?

Answer 6

EHEC

Question 7

Difference bt Shigella and EHEC

Answer 7

Shigella invades host cells, EHEC does not

Question 8

Bugs inhibiting protein synthesis?

Answer 8

Shigella, Pseudomonas, EHEC, Corynebacterium (SPEC)

Question 9

Has both heat-labile and heat-stable toxin?

Answer 9

ETEC

Question 10

MOA of heat-labile toxin?

Answer 10

Overactivates adenylate cyclase increasing cAMP, increasing Cl secretion and gut and H2O efflux

Question 11

MOA of heat-stable toxin?

Answer 11

Overactivates guanylate cyclase increasing cGMP, decreasing resorption of NaCl and H2O in gut

Question 12

Edema factor?

Answer 12

Bacillus anthracis

Question 13

MOA of edema factor?

Answer 13

Mimics adenylate cyclase EZ increasing cAMP

Question 14

MOA of cholera toxin?

Answer 14

Overactivates adenylate cyclase increasing cAMP by permanently activating Gs, increasing Cl secretion in gut and H2O efflux

Question 15

MOA of pertussis toxin?

Answer 15

Overactivates adenylate cyclase increasing cAMP by disabling Gi, impairing phagocytosis to permit survival of microbe

Question 16

Bugs increasing fluid secretion?

Answer 16

ETEC, B. anthracis, V. cholera

Question 17

Bug inhibiting phagocytic activity?

Answer 17

Bordetella pertussis

Question 18

Cleaves SNARE protein required for NT released?

Answer 18

Tetanospasmin and botulinum toxin

Question 19

MOA of tetanospasmin?

Answer 19

Prevents release of inhibitory (GABA and glycine) NTs in spinal cord

Question 20

MOA of botulinum toxin?

Answer 20

Prevents release of ACh at NMJ

Question 21

Bugs inhibiting NT release?

Answer 21

Clostridium tetani and botulinum

Question 22

Bugs that lyse cell membranes?

Answer 22

Clostridium perfringens and Strep pyogenes

Question 23

Alpha toxin?

Answer 23

Clostridium perfringens

Question 24

Strep pyogenes toxin?

Answer 24

Streptolysin O

Question 25

Phospholipase that degrades tissue and cell membranes?

Answer 25

Clostridium perfringens

Question 26

MOA of streptolysin O?

Answer 26

Protein that degrades cell membrane

Question 27

“Double zone” of hemolysis on blood agar?

Answer 27

C. perfringens

Question 28

TSST-1?

Answer 28

Staph aureus

Question 29

Bugs with superantigens causing shock?

Answer 29

Staph aureus and Strep pyogenes

Question 30

MOA of TSST-1 and exotoxin A?

Answer 30

Bring MHC II and TCR in proximity to outside of Ag binding site to cause overwhelming release of IFN-g and IL-2, causing shock

Question 31

A component of ADP-ribosylating toxin?

Answer 31

Active component that attaches ADP-ribosyl to disrupt host cell proteins

Question 32

B component of ADP-ribosylating toxin?

Answer 32

Binding component, enabling endocytosis