bugs 'n diseases

Question 1

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of…

Answer 1

MOPS

meningitis
otitis media (children)
pneumonia
sinusitis

Question 2

haEMOPhilus

Answer 2

epiglottitis
meningitis
otitis media
pneumonia

non-typeable strains cause mucosal infections (otitis media, conjunctivitis, bronchitis)

Question 3

a french LEGIONNAIRE with his SILVER helmet, sits around a CAMPFIRE with his IRON dagger - he is no SISSY.

Answer 3

legionnaire’s disease
silver stain
charcoal yeast extract culture with iron and cysteine

Question 4

PSEUDOmonas

Answer 4

pneumonia (esp in CF)
sepsis (black lesions on skin)
external otitis (swimmer's ear)
UTI
drug use
diabetic osteomyelitis
hot tub folliculitis

Question 5

E. coli virulence:
fimbriae
K capsule
LPS

Answer 5

fimbriae: cystitis, pyelonephritis

K capsule: pneumonia, neonatal meningitis

LPS endotoxin: septic shock

Question 6

EIEC
ETEC
EPEC
EHEC

Answer 6

I: invasive
T: traveler’s diarrhea
P: pediatrics
H: HUS

Question 7

4 A’s of Klebsiella

Answer 7

aspiration pneumonia
abscess in lungs and liver
alcoholics
diAbetics

Question 8

FAKE a key LYME pie

Answer 8

facial nerve palsy (typically bilateral)
arthritis
kardiac block
erythema migrans

Question 9

prostitute’s pupil

Answer 9

Argyll Robertson pupil: constricts with accommodation but is not reactive to light

Question 10

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsii) - rash spread pattern

Answer 10

starts at wrists and ankles

then spreads to trunk, palms, and soles

“Rickettsii on the wRists, Typhus on the Trunk”

Question 11

Epidemic typhus (Rickettsia prowazekii) - rash spread pattern

Answer 11

starts centrally and spreads out, sparing palms and soles

“Rickettsii on the wRists, Typhus on the Trunk”

Question 12

classic triad of Rickettsial disease

Answer 12

headache, fever, rash (vasculitis)

Question 13

you drive CARS using your PALMS and SOLES

Answer 13

palm and sole rash:

Coxsackievirus A
RMSF
secondary Syphilis

Question 14

Chlamydia (EB vs RB)

Answer 14

Elementary body is “Enfectious” and Enters cell via Endocytosis

Reticulate body Replicates in cell by fission; form seen on tissue culture

Question 15

What determines virulence with Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Answer 15

Cord Factor (“serpentine cords”)

a mycoside (2 mycolic acid molecules bound to disaccharide trehalose)

presence of cord factor correlates with virulence (without, Mt can’t cause disease)

Cord factor is responsible for inactivating neutrophils, damaging mitochondria, and inducing release of TNF.

Question 16

Histo hides

Answer 16

Histoplasma hides inside of macrophages (smaller than RBC)

Question 17

Blasto buds broadly

Answer 17

Blastomyces exhibits broad-base budding (same size as RBC)

Question 18

Coccidio crowds

Answer 18

Coccidioides spherule is crowded with endospores (much larger than RBC)

Question 19

Paracoccidio parasails with the captain’s wheel all the way to Latin America

Answer 19

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
budding yeast with captain’s wheel formation (much larger than RBC)

Latin America

Question 20

name 3 protozoa that cause GI infections

Answer 20

Giardia lamblia
Entamoeba histolytica
Cryptosporidium

Question 21

name 3 protozoa that cause CNS infections

Answer 21

Toxoplasma gondii
Naegleria fowleri
Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense, rhodesiense)

Question 22

name 2 protozoa that cause hematologic infections

Answer 22

Plasmodium (vivax/ovale, falciparum, malariae)

Babesia

Question 23

name 2 protozoa that cause visceral infections

Answer 23

Trypanosoma cruzi

Leishmania donovani

Question 24

name 1 protozoa that cause STDs

Answer 24

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 25

you’ll get sick if you EAT these!

Answer 25

nematode routes of infection

ingested - Enterobius, Ascaris, Trichinella

Question 26

these get into your feet from the SANd.

Answer 26

nematode routes of infection

cutaneous - Strongyloides, Ancylostoma, Necator