BUG Lecture Final Flashcards
protozoa is also referred to as
coccidia
protozoa comes from the family:
Eimeriidae
What are the two most common Genus of Protozoa?
Eimeria and Isospora
T/F. Protozoa is obligate extracellular parasite.
false. obligate intracellular parasite
what are the three main types of feeding habits of Protozoan organisms? describe them
Saprozoic: nutrients obtained by diffusion through the cell membrane
Holozoic: nutrients obtained through a primitive mouth part
Holophytic: nutrients obtained through manufacture of carbs through photosynthesis
Sporozoites penetrate the epithelial cells of the gut and damage the lining. The most common clinical signs are:
Diarrhea and water loss/dehydration
Most protozoa are zoonotic
False. most are species specific.
Isospora is the most common type of coccidia in cats and dogs
true
Oocysts contain two structures called _______ that contain four __________
Sporocyst, Sporozoites
Characteristics of the Sporozoites determines the _______ of coccidia
Genus
Coccidia is typically transmitted in one of three ways:
Infected animal contact
Fecal discharge
Ingesting contaminated flesh
Many animals are ________ of the coccidia parasite
asymptomatic carriers
T/F. Adult animals are often asymptomatic while younger animals can die of protozoan infection
True
Although no drugs are very effective, the best drug of choice for treatment of Protozoa is:
Sulfonamide antibiotics
Steaming, boiling and strong chemicals like _______ will kill oocysts
Ammonia 10%
An infected cat could produce up to 1,000 oocysts in one day (T or F)
False. Could produce up to 100,000 or more in one day.
What is the Tachyzoite stage of Toxoplasma gondii?
Rapid multiplication once the Sporozoite is in the body
What is the Bradyzoite stage of Toxoplasma gondii?
Cyst stage. Doesn’t stop multiplying but it is very slow
Bradyzoite stage develops into the _________ stage of Toxoplasma gondi
Sporozoite
Toxoplasma gondii is most often transmitted via:
feces
T/F. Toxoplasma are species specific to cats.
False. Any animal can become infected but cats are more susceptible.
Toxoplasma gondii is a big risk to developing fetuses but only in animals and not humans.
False. Humans included.
Giardia belongs to the Family Hexamitidae. (T/F)
true
Giardia has a sucker to attach to the liver wall.
False. It has a sucker to attach to the wall of the small intestine.
_____ is the infective stage of Giardia
Cyst stage
Most treatments of Giardia work by killing the oocyst (T or F)
False. They work by immobilizing the flagella of the trophozoite
The PPP of Giardia is:
1-9 weeks
Sarcocystis spp is a Protozoa that is always:
Sporulated
Sarcocystis spp have very specific final hosts. Which are they?
Birds of prey and carnivourous animals
Due to the life cycle of Sarcocystis spp, what group of dogs are more susceptible?
Dogs that eat a raw diet
Acute sarcocytosis in cattle is also called:
Dalmeny disease
A ruminant infected by Cryptosporidium paryum can shed _____ of oocysts per day
billions
Cryptosporidium is zoonotic (T or F)
True
Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by:
Toxoplasma gondii
trophozoites of Giardia move rather irregularly and rapidly under the microscope
true
Ctenocephalides felis only infects the cat while Ctenocephalides canis only infects the dog. (T or F)
False. Both are not host specific.
The biggest problem with treating fleas is actually not the adults but the:
larvae
Fleas require a bloodmeal. What are two simple ways to control fleas from reproducing?
Vacuum and groom them often
No matter how good your environmental treatment is, new fleas will still hatch for ______
4 weeks
What is the best plan of action when fleas are found? (5 points)
- bathe animal to a “clean state”
- topical treatment
- vacuum thorioughly focusing where animal sleeps, jumps and grooms
- discard vacuum bag
- treat environment
The active ingredient of Parasiticide medications used to treat fleas is ______ which is a natural insecticide derived from Chrysanthemums
Pyrethrins
Fleas can transmit a number of diseases and parasites, such as:
Dipylidium caninum, the plague, typhus, tuleremia and Pasteurella spp
T or F. Most species of fleas are parasitic.
False.
Parasitic lice feed on either blood or organic matter on the skin. T or F.
True
Lice have short legs for:
grabbing onto hair follicles
Virus found in the saliva of lice can carry _____ fever
Swine
ticks are divided into 3 types based on their life cycle:
one, two or three host ticks
