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Religious Studies > Buddhist : Beliefs And Teachings > Flashcards

Buddhist : Beliefs And Teachings Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Buddhism created ?

A

2500 years ago in Nepal

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2
Q

What’s the real name of Buddha ?

A

Sidartha Gautama

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3
Q

What are Theravadan Buddhists beliefs ?

A

Strong monastic community

Main focus is on three refuges

Embrace the five aggregates

Only men can be enlightened

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4
Q

What’s the name for an enlightened Theravadan buddhist ?

A

Arhat

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5
Q

What’s an arhat ?

A

An arhat has overcome suffering

An arhat escapes the cycle of samsara

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6
Q

What are the beliefs of an Mahayana buddhist ?

A

Believe that the Buddha remains an active influence on the world

They believe everyone has the ability to become enlightened

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7
Q

What is the name for an enlightened Mahayana buddhist ?

A

Bodhisattva

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8
Q

What are a bodhisattvan beliefs ?

A

They stay in the cycle of samsara out of compassion (good heart)

They overcome six perfections

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9
Q

What do the six perfections teach ?

A

The six attributes a mahayanan will perfect to become a bodhisattva

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10
Q

Name the six perfections ?

A

Generosity

Morality

Patience

Energy

Meditation

Wisdom

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11
Q

What does the sunyata translate to ?

A

Emptiness

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12
Q

What is the meaning of sunyata ?

A

Everything is empty of independent existence

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13
Q

What tradition of Buddhism understand the concept of sunyata ?

A

Mahayana

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14
Q

What is pure land Buddhism ?

A

A part of Mahayana Buddhism based on the Buddha

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15
Q

What is the overall concept of pure land ?

A

The pure land contains no suffering

If you enter pure land you are enlightened

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16
Q

What are the four noble truths ?

A

The buddhist teachings about suffering

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17
Q

What are the three types of suffering ?

A

Dukkha - ordinary suffering

Viparinhama - suffering because of change

Samskara- unsatisfaction

18
Q

What is the second noble truth ?

A

Explains why we suffer due to craving

19
Q

What is sensory craving ?

A

Craving things that please senses

20
Q

What are the three poisons ?

A

Greed, ignorance, hatred

They cause all suffering

21
Q

What is the third noble truth ?

A

Nirohda- the end of suffering

22
Q

What is metta ?

A

Loving kindness

23
Q

What does the third noble truth teach ?

A

By giving up craving suffering can be defeated (nirohda)

24
Q

What’s the fourth noble truth ?

A

The eightfold path (magga) which leads to the end of the cycle of samsara

25
Q

What is the eightfold path ?

A

The king of right action the end samsara

Right - conduct, speech, action, livelihood, discipline, effort, mindfulness

26
Q

What does the Dharma wheel represent ?

A

The eightfold path and cycle of life and rebirth and how to escape it through action (samsara)

27
Q

What does the lotus flower represent ?

A

The journey to enlightenment / buddhist end goal

28
Q

What do Buddhists use meditation (worship) for ?

A

To focus their mind of the teachings of Buddha

29
Q

Difference between Theravada and Mahayana Buddhists ?

A

Theravada Buddhists strive to become Arhats and gain freedom from the cycle of samsara, Mahayana Buddhists may choose to stay in the cycle of samsara out of compassion for others.

30
Q

What are the four sights ?

A

Old age, holy man, illness, death

And part of Jataka

31
Q

What is the jataka ?

A

As series of tales

32
Q

What does annica mean ?

A

Impermanence

33
Q

What does Anatta mean ?

A

No fixed self

Buddhists believe in the soul

34
Q

Explain the concept of dependant arising ?

A

This means that everything mental or physical exists due to the dependence of other things

35
Q

What is nibbana ?

A

The realisation for Buddhists when they have broken away from the cycle of samsara

36
Q

What are the five aggregates/ skandas ?

A

The human personality :

Form
Consciousness
Sensation
Mental formations
Perception

37
Q

What do the 5 aggregates teach ?

A

The way we interpret things due the 5 parts of our body

38
Q

What did Buddhas ascetic life teach him ?

A

The middle way is the path the enlightenment and that temptation can be overcome

39
Q

What is the Dhammapada ?

A

Verses of wisdom said to be spoken from the Buddha himself

40
Q

What three things do you overcome in Buddhahood ?

A

The three marks of existence (anicca), (dukkha), (anatta).

41
Q

What are the three marks of existence and explain them

A

Dukkha - suffering is everywhere

Anicca - constantly changing

Anatta - no fixed self

Religious Studies (14 decks)

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