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Religious studies > Buddhism beliefs and teachings > Flashcards

Buddhism beliefs and teachings Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the Buddhas name?

A

Siddhartha Gotama.

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2
Q

What are three unusual things about the Buddhas birth?

A

Lotus flowers bloomed where he stepped.
He could walk and talk straight away.
After his birth a prophecy was made saying he would either be a great king or holy man.

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3
Q

What are the name of the buddhas mother and farther.

A

mother- Queen Maya
father- King Suddhodana

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4
Q

Why did Siddhartha’s father try to shelter him from suffering.

A

Because he feared the prophecy and wanted him to be the king.

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5
Q

Why are the four sights important to Buddhists today?

A

Show that they are all a part of life & wealth does not eliminate them.

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6
Q

What were the four sights that Siddhartha saw when he left the palace.

A

holy man, sickness, death and old age.

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7
Q

4 pieces of info about Buddhas ascetic life.

A
  • gave up all possessions & symbols of old life.
  • rejected anything that would give him pleasure to practise self discipline.
  • Fasted for long periods of time and began meditation.
  • slept in a bed of thorns.
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8
Q

Why did the Buddha turn away from his ascetic life?

A
  • got too weak to meditate.
  • his practises didn’t bring him any closer to the cause of suffering.
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9
Q

What did the Buddha do after his ascetic life?

A

Began meditating under a peepul tree.

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10
Q

4 ways Mara tried to prevent the Buddha from achieving enlightenment.

A
  • sent his daughters to seduce him.
  • sent armies to attack him.
  • offered him power of his own kingdom.
  • Mara himself tried to attack him.
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11
Q

3 watches of the night.

A
  • Gained all knowledge of previous lives.
  • understood cycle of samsara.
  • understood why suffering happens and how to overcome it.
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12
Q

What are the three marks of existence and what do they mean?

A

anicca- impermanence
anatta- no self or soul
dukkha- suffering.

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13
Q

3 things in the world affected by impermanence?

A
  • minds
  • living things
  • non living things
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14
Q

What was Nagasena’s analogy of no self or soul?

A

A chariot- collection of parts.

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15
Q

5 aggregates.

A
  • body
  • perceptions
  • consciousness
  • feelings
  • thoughts
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16
Q

What do Buddhists believe is passed on through to the next life?

A

Kamma (karma)

17
Q

Seven states of suffering.

A
  • birth
  • old age
    -sickness
  • death
  • sorrow
  • contact with unpleasant things
  • not getting what you want.
18
Q

3 types of Dukkha.

A
  • suffering
  • change
  • attachment
19
Q

1st NT (dukkha)

A

Suffering cannot be avoided.

20
Q

2nd NT (Samudaya)

A

Suffering caused by greed, hatred, ignorance

21
Q

3rd NT (Nirodha)

A

Suffering will stop troubling you once you accept it as a part of life and lose selfish desires.

22
Q

4th NT (Magga)

A

Eightfold path sets out ways of living to help ease suffering.

23
Q

EFP - panna (wisdom)

A
  • understanding
  • intention
24
Q

EFP- samadhi (meditation)

A
  • mindfullness
  • concentration
  • effort
25
Q

EFP- sila (ethics)
Right..

A
  • action
  • speech
  • livelihood
26
Q

Arhat.

A

‘Perfected person’ who has overcome the main causes of suffering (three poisons) to achieve enlightenment.

27
Q

Boddhisattva.

A

Someone who has become enlightenment but chooses to remain in the cycle of samsara to help others achieve enlightenment. This can be attained by practising the six perfections.

28
Q

Sunyata

A

emptiness - for Mahayana Buddhists
emphasises all things are dependant and continuously changing.

29
Q

Theravada Buddhism.

A
  • ‘school of the elders’ it’s more traditional and orthodox
  • goal to achieve enlightenment and reach Nibbana.
  • Buddha seen as guide and teacher not God.
  • teaches five aggregates.
30
Q

Mahayana Buddhism.

A
  • includes some later buddhist traditions such as pure land, Tibetan and Zen Buddhism.
  • emphasises teaching of Sunyata.
  • In some M traditions Buddha nature is important.
31
Q

Dependant arising.

A

belief that everything is interconnected, nothing is permanent or unchanging.

32
Q

Tanha.

A

Craving.

33
Q

What is a Buddha?

A

Someone who has woke up to the truth of existence.

34
Q

Nibbana.

A

A state of complete enlightenment, happiness and peace/ extinction of three poisons.

35
Q

Teachings on Tanha.

A
  • Tanha leads to three poisons.
  • Craving rooted in ignorance.
36
Q

Six perfections and who they are important to.

A
  • Bodhisattvas.
  • generosity
  • wisdom
  • morality
  • energy
  • meditation
  • patience
37
Q

Buddha nature

A
  • everyone has the seed of a Buddha already inside them.
  • it is hidden by desires/attachments and negative thoughts
  • when someone comes to understand the Buddhas teachings they experience their inner buddha nature.
38
Q

What are the three jewels?

A
  • sangha (community of practitioners)
  • dharma (teachings)
  • Buddha

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