Budddh

Question 1

What is sensation?

Answer 1

The act of using our sensory systems to detect environmental stimuli.

Question 2

What is perception?

Answer 2

The conscious recognition and identification of a sensory stimulus.

Question 3

What are the five commonly understood senses?

Answer 3

• Smell
• Taste
• Touch
• Sound
• Sight

Question 4

What is sensory transduction?

Answer 4

The process of converting a specific form of environmental stimuli into a neural impulse that our brain can read.

Question 5

What is an absolute threshold?

Answer 5

The smallest amount of a stimulus that one can detect.

Question 6

What is the difference threshold?

Answer 6

The minimal difference needed to notice a difference between two stimuli.

Question 7

What is signal detection theory?

Answer 7

The response to a signal in every situation depends on an individual’s ability to differentiate between the signal and noise, and on their response criteria.

Question 8

What is sensory adaptation?

Answer 8

Repeated stimulation of a sensory cell leads to a reduced response.

Question 9

What is bottom-up processing?

Answer 9

Perception that proceeds by transducing environmental stimuli into neural impulses that move successively into more complex brain regions.

Question 10

What is top-down processing?

Answer 10

Perception processes led by cognitive processes, such as memory or expectations.

Question 11

What is a perceptual set?

Answer 11

The readiness to interpret a certain stimulus in a certain way.

Question 12

What are odourants?

Answer 12

Airborne chemicals that are detected as odours.

Question 13

What are papillae?

Answer 13

Bumps on the tongue that contain clumps of taste buds.

Question 14

What are the five taste receptors on your tongue?

Answer 14

• Sweet
• Sour
• Bitter
• Salt
• Umami

Question 15

What is ageusia?

Answer 15

Inability to taste, a rare disorder.

Question 16

What is anosmia?

Answer 16

Inability to detect odours.

Question 17

What are free nerve endings?

Answer 17

Receptors located near the surface of the skin that detect touch, pressure, pain, and temperature.

Question 18

What is the fast pathway of pain?

Answer 18

Sharp, localized pain is felt quicker because it travels along myelinated neurons to the brain.

Question 19

What is the slow pathway of pain?

Answer 19

Inputs that communicate with brain regions involved in processing emotions; often associated with burning pain.

Question 20

What are sound waves?

Answer 20

Vibrations of the air in the frequency of hearing.

Question 21

What does frequency determine in sound?

Answer 21

The pitch of sound.

Question 22

What does amplitude determine in sound?

Answer 22

The loudness of sound.

Question 23

What is the tympanic membrane?

Answer 23

The eardrum that sound waves hit in the outer ear.

Question 24

What are the three smallest bones in the human body?

Answer 24

• Malleus (hammer)
• Incus (anvil)
• Stapes (stirrup)

Question 25

What is the tonotopic map?

Answer 25

A map in the auditory cortex where sound is received according to specific frequencies.

Question 26

What is absolute pitch?

Answer 26

The ability to recognize or produce any note on a musical scale.

Question 27

What is the cocktail party effect?

Answer 27

The brain picks up on relevant sounds, even in a noisy environment.

Question 28

What is tinnitus?

Answer 28

Ringing in the ear caused by abnormalities in the ear.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the sensory receptor for smell.

Answer 29

olfactory receptor neuron

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The _______ theory states that different sound frequencies are converted into different rates of action potentials.

Answer 30

frequency

Question 31

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the sensory receptor for taste.

Answer 31

taste bud

Question 32

True or False: Women generally have a higher threshold for detecting pain than men.

Answer 32

False.