Buccal drug delivery

Question 1

What is the mouth also known as?

Answer 1

buccal/oral cavity

Question 2

What does keratinised mean?

Answer 2

Harder to pass through (non-polar)

Question 3

What is a barrier for buccal drug delivery?

Answer 3

Oral mucosa

Question 4

What are the different sites for buccal delivery?

Answer 4

1. Sublingual membrane - delivery under the tongue (very fast)
2. Buccal membrane - delivery from the cheek and lip cavity (Slower)
3. Topical delivery from a tablet retained within the mouth (lozenge)

Question 5

What works faster oral or buccal delivery?

Answer 5

Buccal

Question 6

what does onset time mean?

Answer 6

how fast the drug starts working

Question 7

Why does sublingual tablets have a faster delivery time than buccal tablets?

Answer 7

They are closer to the bloodstream

Question 8

What is first pass metabolism?

Answer 8

Drugs that are swallowed are absorbed from the intestines which runs via the liver. Buccal tablets go straight past the liver to the systemic circulation avoiding first pass metabolism, also avoiding the blood brain barrier.

Question 9

What is mucoadhesion?

Answer 9

glue becomes tangled in glycoprotein surface of the cells and bonds with glycoproteins. Physical entanglement occurs due to chemical interactions - electrostatic, hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding, van der waals

Question 10

what are some advantages of buccal delivery?

Answer 10

• Avoids first pass metabolism
• convenient route and painless administration
• facility to modulate selection of excipients
  -versatility in the design of release systems for local and systemic action
  -predictable drug concentration in the blood
• good patient compliance

Question 11

What are disadvantages of buccal delivery?

Answer 11

• need for taste masking
  -eating, drinking, or smoking can effect how the drug is absorbed and how well it works
  -hazard of choking by involuntarily swallowing tablet
  -potential irritation of gums

Question 12

What happens to bioavailability of buccal and sublingual delivery

Answer 12

Typically results in greater bioavailability

Question 13

What needs to be considered for buccal and sublingual delivery?

Answer 13

• Solubility in saliva
• passive diffusion - only small lipophillic molecules are well absorbed
• there can be barriers to absorption
• SA is limited

Question 14

What are barriers to absorption of buccal tablets?

Answer 14

• drugs must diffuse across lipophilic cell membrane and hydrophilic interior of cell
• enzymatic barrier (aminopeptidase) in buccal tissue also exists causing rapid degradation of peptides and proteins - limits transport across epithelium