BST - Return Demo

Question 1

Balance Skin Traction

• Indication
• Purpose

Answer 1

• Indication
  o For affection of the hip and femur.

Purposes:
o For immobilization the affected extremity
o Prevent and correct deformity
o To reduce pain and muscle spasm on the affected extremity
o To reduce fracture of the affected part
o To maintain proper body alignment of the affected part

Question 2

Principle in the application of BST

Answer 2

1. Position – traction must be applied to client in supine or dorsal recumbent position.
2. Body weight of the client serves as the counter traction.
3. The line of pull must be in line with the deformity.
4. Traction must be continuous.
5. Avoid friction:
   a. The rope must be running freely along the groove of the pulley.
   b. Knots should be away from the pulley.
   c. Weigh bags should be hanging freely.
   d. Check for the wear and tear condition of the materials (Ex: Ropes, bags, etc.)

Question 3

Check for Doctors order

Answer 3

 To identify the patient for traction.
 To know the part to be applied with traction.
 To know the weight of the traction bag.

Question 4

Explain the procedure to the client

Answer 4

To alleviate the anxiety and gain the cooperation of the client

Question 5

3. Prepare the orthopedic bed

To save time and energy when performing the procedure

Answer 5

PARTS OF THE ORTHOPEDIC BED
a.	Balkan frames
•	4 vertical bars
•	Horizontal bars
•	Straight corss bars
•	Diagonal bars
b.	Overhead trapeze
c.	3 pulleys
d.	Clamps
e.	Firm mattress
f.	Fracture board
 Assemble the materials for BST
a.	Splints
•	Thomas splint
•	Pearson attachment
•	Rest splint
•	Barun Bohler splint – supports the affected leg.
b.	Cord – sash/rope
•	Thigh rope – long
•	Traction rope – longer
•	Suspension rope - longest
c.	Weight bags
•	Traction bag – at least 10% of patient’s body weight.
•	Suspension bag – 50% of traction bag’s weight.
d.	Slings – varies in size
e.	Safety pins/clips – number of pins depends on the number of slings.
f.	Foot pedal/ foot board
g.	Steinmann pin holder

Question 6

Attach the Pearson’s splint to Thomas splint (estimate the length from inguinal area to knee of patient)
Pearson’s splint attachment is under the Thomas splint

Answer 6

Medial upright of the Thomas splint is in line with the inguinal area and Pearson’s is in line with the knee

Question 7

Mount the Thomas and Pearson’s attachment to the Rest splint

Question 8

Tie the long rope (thigh rope) to the. Medial upright of the Thomas splint, using slipknot.

Answer 8

To provide privacy

Question 9

Attach the sling from medial to lateral portion of Thomas splint and lock it up with a clip. Remembering te principle to apply not too tight nor too loose.

Provide 1 inch space each sling

Answer 9

Too tight may impede circulation while too loose may defeat the purpose of support

Question 10

Transfer the affected leg to the prepared thomas splint by 3 manpower

Answer 10

1st man, applying the manual traction by using the pin holder to provide continuous traction and remove the braun bowler

2nd one, is lifting the affected leg

3rd one is inserting the prepared thomas split attachment.

Instruct the client to hold on to overhead trapeze at the count of 3 lift the buttocks and insert the prepared thomas splint in the affected leg.

This is to facilitate faster transfer and prevent too much pain.

Question 11

Attach the traction rope to the pin holder and pass it to the third pulley and attach the traction bag at the level of the bed.

Answer 11

The Traction bag should not be too high nor too low to provide continuous traction

Question 12

Tie the other end of the thigh rope to the lateral upright of Thomas splint using slipknot.

Question 13

Suspension

Answer 13

Tie the suspension rope at the middle of the thigh rope using a slipknot, then pass it to the first pulley, then pass it to the handle of the suspension bag. Hang the suspension bag temporarily at the clamp of the first pulley, then pass it to the second pulley, then pass it inside the rest splint and secure it to the end of Thomas and Pearson’s attachment using clove hitch knot. (Suspension rope should be outside the traction rope.)

Question 14

Release and Hang

Answer 14

Release and hang the suspension bag in the middle of the suspension rope and remove the rest splint. And check and observe the proper alignment of the materials.

Question 15

Place the foot pedal using half ribbon knot

Answer 15

The shorter cords should be tied in the thomas splint while the longer cord in the pearson’s.

Question 16

Check for the efficiency of the traction by swinging forward backward and sideways

Answer 16

Instruct the client to hold on the overhead trapeze

Question 17

Removal of BST

Explain the procedure to the client.

Answer 17

So that the client will understand the performing procedure

Question 18

Attach the rest splint to Thomas and Pearson’s splint

Question 19

Hang the suspension bag to the clamp of the first pulley. Remove the suspension rope.

Question 20

Apply manual friction by handling the pin holder then remove the traction bag.

Answer 20

To promote continuous traction

Question 21

Tie traction rope to the rest splint, Thomas and Pearson’s using clove hitch knot

Answer 21

Serves as the traction

Question 22

Transfer the client to stretcher using the overhead trapeze and moving slowly with support. On the affected leg.

Answer 22

Stretcher is placed on the unaffected leg.