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Semester 1 > BSS > Flashcards

BSS Flashcards

1
Q

define social support

A

the perceived comfort, caring, esteem or help received by others

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2
Q

what does social support influence, what hypothesis does this belong to

A

stress buffering hypothesis
how we perceive and respond to stress,
significantly reduces the impact of stress

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3
Q

what are the types of support

A

esteem support
support
comanionship
instrumental support

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4
Q

what is esteem support

A

self esteem increased by others

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5
Q

what is support support

A

avaliability of others to offer advice

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6
Q

what is companionship support

A

support through activities

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7
Q

what is instrumental support

A

physical help

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8
Q

what is social comparison

A

when you compare yourself to others duh

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9
Q

when you have lots of social support you are said to have?

A

high social capital

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10
Q

what is the biopsychosocial model

A

a philosophy of clinical care and a practical clinical guide

a way of understanding how suffering, disease and illness are affected by multiple levels of organisation- molecular to social

a way of understanding the subjective patient experience

developed by Engler to take all factors behind health into account

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11
Q

example of things to think about for the bio of biopsychosocial model

A

age
gender
genetics
physical health

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12
Q

things to think about for the psycho of biopsychosocial models

A

mental health
beliefs and attitudes
memory
knowledge
coping strategies

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13
Q

things to think about for the social of the biopsychosocial model

A

social support
education
socioeconomic status
relationships

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14
Q

what are the social determinants of health and what are they shaped by

A

social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, includes the health system

shaped by distribution of money, power, resources as influenced by policy choices

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15
Q

social determinants impact on health

A

social determinants of health mostly responsible for health inequities

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16
Q

what are some wider determinants of health

A

individual lifestyle
social and community networks
living and working conditions
general socioeconomic, cultural, environmental conditions

17
Q

what is culture and what is it not interchangeable for

A

culture is the learned and shared behaviour of a community of interacting humans

it is not the same as race or ethnicity

18
Q

what is the prevention paradox

A

a preventative measure that brings large benefits to the community, offers little to each individual

19
Q

what is the inverse care law

A

availability of good medical care tends to vary inversely with its need in population

20
Q

evidence for the inverse care law?

A

relationship btwn social class and poor health
reduced uptake screening in deprived areas
less resources where most needed so lower consultation times

not a universal principle

21
Q

long term condition is?

A

a condition that cannot, at present, be cured, but can be controlled by medication and other therapies

22
Q

long term conditions requre? and may be?

A

require on going management and treatment over years and decades

may be physical, neurological, mental

23
Q

effects of long term conditions on pt?

A

may lead to complications or multiple conditions

lack of independence

poor general wellbeing

can signif impact all areas

lack of understanind from people — isolation, loneliness, risk losing social contacts, loss of work

24
Q

effects long term conditions in children?

A

may sig interfere with physical and emotional growth and development

likely fear, frustration, anger

less self esteem as less autonomous and reliant on others

25
Q

burden on carers may be what or what type of burden

A

objective burden= practical, ie constraints on social, relationships, work

subjective burden= psychological effects

26
Q

define behaviour

A

the way in which an animal/ person aacts in response to a particular situation/ stimulus

27
Q

define communicable vs non communicable diseases

A

non communicable diseases: conditions not passed person to person, sually genetic/ behavioural factors. incl heart attack, cancers, diabetes etc

communicable diseases: infectious/ transmissible diseases, eg ebola, covid

both greatly influenced by behaviour

28
Q

define compliance

A

degree to which patient follows advice of medical prof

29
Q

define concordance

A

doctors and patients making decisions together

30
Q

define adherence

A

extent to which a person’s behaviours are aligned with treatment/ management plans agreed with medical prof

31
Q

list the 5 theories of behaviour

A

com-b model

transtheoretical stages of change model

PRIME theory

health belief model

self regulatory model

32
Q

COM-B model?

A

3 components to all behaviours- C apability, O pportunity, M otivation

33
Q

what does capability refer to in COM-B model

A

Capability: knowing what to do and how to do it and having necessary skills to do it

  • psychological capability= knowledge
  • physical capability= skills
34
Q

what does opportunity refer to in COM-B model

A

Opportunity:

  • physical opportunity= having resources for it, incl time and equip
  • social opportunity= do other people want them to behave like that
35
Q

what does motivation refer to in COM-B model

importance of this

A

motivation:

  • reflective motivation= consider pros and cons
  • automatic motivation= is the behaviour prompted/ cued without thinking about it, ie habit

automatic motivation explains why people continue doing unhealthy acts when know should stop

duality of motivation0 if they already know why shouldn’t, explore why they do instead

36
Q

transtheoretical stages of change model

A

people are in different stages of changing their behaviour

pre-contemplation (not considering change)

contemplation (change is considered)

preparation (make plans to change)

action (initial change)

maintenance (leads to stable lifestyle)

lapse= reverting once, doesn’t have to be a relapse

relapse= if change stops and reverts

37
Q

PRIME theory

A

plans

responses

impulses/ inhibitions

motives

evaluations

acc PRIME, behaviour happens in the moment

38
Q

health belief model

A

suggests likelihood of someone adopting a behaviour is determined by perceived threat of their current actions and evaluation of outcome if change

perceived threat= perceived susceptibility to negative consequences and their severity

perceived benefits and barriers

cues to action

general health motivation

perceived control

h/e assumes behaviour is rational, doesn’t factor for emotion

39
Q

self regulatory model

A

about how beliefs and emotions impact on behaviour

brought on by a new health risk eg new symptom/ diagnosis etc

health risk triggers cognitive representations and emotional representations in parallel

both feed into coping behaviours to appraisal of behaviours

5 cognitions:

identify what threat is

its cause

its timeline

the consequences

control/ curability

Semester 1 (18 decks)

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