British Action/Nature Of Support Flashcards
What happened on the 4th of April 1952?
Governor Baring approved the Collective punishment Ordinance
When did Governor Baring approved the Collective punishment Ordinance?
4th of April 1952
On the 4th of April 1952, which governor had approved the Collective punishment Ordinance?
Governor Baring
On the 4th of April 1952, what did Governor Baring approve of?
Collective punishment Ordinance
What was the Collective punishment Ordinance on the 4th of April 1952?
Gave local officials the authority to punish whole villages for Mau Mau actions
What gave local officials the authority to punish whole villages for Mau Mau actions?
Collective punishment Ordinance on the 4th of April 1952
What was the impact of the Collective Punishment Ordinance on the 4th April 1952?
British officials regularly confiscated the whole population’s cattle and imposed fines on the whole population
Why did the British officials regularly confiscated the whole population’s cattle and imposed fines on the whole population?
Collective Punishment Ordinance on the 4th April 1952?
What happened to Burma Market (Meat market) in Nairobi?
Burnt down to punish the Kikuyu population
What was burnt down in Nairobi to punish the Kikuyu population?
Burma Market (Meat market)
Where is the Burma market?
Nairobi
What was the impact of the British burning down the Burma market to punish the Kikuyu?
Push moderate Kikuyu to the Mau Mau
When was Kenyatta arrested?
October 1952
What happened in October 1952?
Kenyatta was arrested
What was Kenyatta charged with along five other members?
“Managing of the Mau Mau”
Who was charged with the “Managing of the Mau Mau”?
Kenyatta and five others
In the trial of Jomo Kenyatta, what was the state of the trial?
Fraudulent
In the trial of Jomo Kenyatta, what was the evidence like?
Evidence was unconvincing
In the trial of Jomo Kenyatta, what happened to the judge?
Judge Thacker was paid £20,000 to provide a guilty verdict
What judge was paid £20,000 to provide a guilty verdict in the case of Jomo Kenyatta?
Judge Tacker
How much was Judge Thacker paid to provide a guilty verdict for the trial of Jomo Kenyatta?
£20,000
In what case was judge Thacker paid £20,000 to provide a guilty verdict?
Trial of Jomo Kenyatta
In April 1953, how long was Kenyatta sentenced to?
7 years with hard labour and indefinite restrictions
In what year did Kenyatta get sentence to 7 years with hard labour and indefinite restrictions
April 1953
Who was sentenced to 7 years with hard labour and indefinite restrictions in April 1953?
Jomo Kenyatta
What happened in October 1952?
British government passed the Emergency powers regulation
When did the British government passed the Emergency powers regulation?
October 1952
What did the British government passing the Emergency powers regulation in October 1952 entail?
Extending crimes punishable by hanging from murder to include administering the killing oath or being a member of the Mau Mau
What extended crimes punishable by hanging from murder to include administering the killing oath or being a member of the Mau Mau?
Emergency powers regulation in October 1952
Between 1952 and 1958, how many Kikuyu were hanged as a result of the the Emergency powers regulation in October 1952?
1090
Why were 1090 kikuyu hanged between 1952-8?
The Emergency powers regulation in October 1952
Between what years were 1090 Kikuyu hanged as a result of the Emergency powers regulation in October 1952?
1952-58
What happened to the death penalty
Suspended whilst Parliament discussed its morality
Who did Governor Baring believe was running the Mau Mau?
Kenyatta and the KAU
What did Governor Baring think that Kenyatta and the KAU were doing?
Running the Mau Mau
What did Governor Baring launch on October 1952?
Operation Jock Scott arresting 150 KAU leaders, including Kenyatta
How many were arrested as a result of the Operation Jock Scott in October 1952?
150
When was Operation Jock Scott?
October 1952
When the Mau Mau found out about Operation Jock Scott, what did they do?
Fled the forest as they were tipped off
What did the British destroy
Moderate nationalism
What was the impact of British destroying moderate nationalism?
Forcing all kikuyu into the arms of the Mau Mau
In response to the Lari Massacre, how many did the British arrest?
2000 men, even though Mau Mau leaders escaped
Why did the British arrest 2,000 men?
After the Lari Massacre
Where was the British aware of the Mau Mau bases?
East lands slums of Nairobi
Who launched Operation Anvil in April 1954?
General Erskine
What did General Erskine launch?
Operation Anvil in April 1954
What happened in April 1954?
Operation Anvil: Entire population (50,000-Eastland slums of Nairobi) was moved to temporary camps
What was the population of the Eastland slums of Nairobi in April 1954?
50,000
What happened whilst the Eastland slums of Nairobi were moved to the camps
Screened by Gikunia (loyal informers)
What was the Gikunia?
loyal informers who screened the people in camps to see if they were Mau Mau
Who were the loyal informers who screened the people in camps to see if they were Mau Mau?
Gikunia (loyal informers)
In Operation Anvil, how many Mau Mau were identified?
700 hard hard core Mau Mau
In Operation Anvil, what happened to 700 people?
Identified as Mau Mau
In Operation Anvil, how many men were imprisoned without trial?
24,000 men imprisioned
In Operation Anvil, what happened to 24,000 men?
Men who were imprisoned without trial
What was the impact of Operation Anvil on Kenyans?
Growing anger against the British
What happened in June 1954?
British decided to enforce villagization (resettlement of Kikuyu into tightly controlled villages)
When did the British decided to enforce villagization?
June 1954
What is villiagization?
resettlement of Kikuyu into tightly controlled villages
Kikuyu unable to contact Mau Mau as it was easy for the British to control
What happened at sites of villigaization?
Sites of torture and brutal interrogation process
By October 1955, how many Kikuyu had been forced out of their villages?
1 million
By October 1955, what happened to 1 million Kikuyu?
Forced in villages
By what year had 1 million Kikuyu been forced into villages?
October 1955
Where were Mau Mau prisoners sent to?
Detention camps such as Hola, in the South
What was Hola
Detention camps in the south, where the Mau Mau were sent
What did prisoners refuse to do in Hola?
Refused to perform their work or take part in ‘rehabilitation’ exercises
At Hola, what was the Camp Commandants plan?
Force 88 prisoners to work
What happened on the 3rd of March 1959?
Camp commandant put in place plan for 88 of the prisoners to war
When the camp commandant in Hola put in place his plan for 88 of the prisoners would work what happened?
11 prisoners clubbed to death by British guards
Between 1954-60, how man women were detained under Emergency powers?
8000 women
Between 1954-60, what happened to 8,000 women?
Women that the British had detained using emergency power
What was the main site of women incarceration?
Kamiti Detention Camp
What was Kamiti Detention Camp?
main site of women incarceration
