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Depth study: Kenya > British Action/Nature Of Support > Flashcards

British Action/Nature Of Support Flashcards

1
Q

What happened on the 4th of April 1952?

A

Governor Baring approved the Collective punishment Ordinance

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2
Q

When did Governor Baring approved the Collective punishment Ordinance?

A

4th of April 1952

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3
Q

On the 4th of April 1952, which governor had approved the Collective punishment Ordinance?

A

Governor Baring

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4
Q

On the 4th of April 1952, what did Governor Baring approve of?

A

Collective punishment Ordinance

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5
Q

What was the Collective punishment Ordinance on the 4th of April 1952?

A

Gave local officials the authority to punish whole villages for Mau Mau actions

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6
Q

What gave local officials the authority to punish whole villages for Mau Mau actions?

A

Collective punishment Ordinance on the 4th of April 1952

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7
Q

What was the impact of the Collective Punishment Ordinance on the 4th April 1952?

A

British officials regularly confiscated the whole population’s cattle and imposed fines on the whole population

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8
Q

Why did the British officials regularly confiscated the whole population’s cattle and imposed fines on the whole population?

A

Collective Punishment Ordinance on the 4th April 1952?

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9
Q

What happened to Burma Market (Meat market) in Nairobi?

A

Burnt down to punish the Kikuyu population

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10
Q

What was burnt down in Nairobi to punish the Kikuyu population?

A

Burma Market (Meat market)

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11
Q

Where is the Burma market?

A

Nairobi

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12
Q

What was the impact of the British burning down the Burma market to punish the Kikuyu?

A

Push moderate Kikuyu to the Mau Mau

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13
Q

When was Kenyatta arrested?

A

October 1952

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14
Q

What happened in October 1952?

A

Kenyatta was arrested

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15
Q

What was Kenyatta charged with along five other members?

A

“Managing of the Mau Mau”

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16
Q

Who was charged with the “Managing of the Mau Mau”?

A

Kenyatta and five others

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17
Q

In the trial of Jomo Kenyatta, what was the state of the trial?

A

Fraudulent

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18
Q

In the trial of Jomo Kenyatta, what was the evidence like?

A

Evidence was unconvincing

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19
Q

In the trial of Jomo Kenyatta, what happened to the judge?

A

Judge Thacker was paid £20,000 to provide a guilty verdict

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20
Q

What judge was paid £20,000 to provide a guilty verdict in the case of Jomo Kenyatta?

A

Judge Tacker

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21
Q

How much was Judge Thacker paid to provide a guilty verdict for the trial of Jomo Kenyatta?

A

£20,000

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22
Q

In what case was judge Thacker paid £20,000 to provide a guilty verdict?

A

Trial of Jomo Kenyatta

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23
Q

In April 1953, how long was Kenyatta sentenced to?

A

7 years with hard labour and indefinite restrictions

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24
Q

In what year did Kenyatta get sentence to 7 years with hard labour and indefinite restrictions

A

April 1953

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25
Q

Who was sentenced to 7 years with hard labour and indefinite restrictions in April 1953?

A

Jomo Kenyatta

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26
Q

What happened in October 1952?

A

British government passed the Emergency powers regulation

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27
Q

When did the British government passed the Emergency powers regulation?

A

October 1952

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28
Q

What did the British government passing the Emergency powers regulation in October 1952 entail?

A

Extending crimes punishable by hanging from murder to include administering the killing oath or being a member of the Mau Mau

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29
Q

What extended crimes punishable by hanging from murder to include administering the killing oath or being a member of the Mau Mau?

A

Emergency powers regulation in October 1952

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30
Q

Between 1952 and 1958, how many Kikuyu were hanged as a result of the the Emergency powers regulation in October 1952?

A

1090

31
Q

Why were 1090 kikuyu hanged between 1952-8?

A

The Emergency powers regulation in October 1952

32
Q

Between what years were 1090 Kikuyu hanged as a result of the Emergency powers regulation in October 1952?

A

1952-58

33
Q

What happened to the death penalty

A

Suspended whilst Parliament discussed its morality

34
Q

Who did Governor Baring believe was running the Mau Mau?

A

Kenyatta and the KAU

35
Q

What did Governor Baring think that Kenyatta and the KAU were doing?

A

Running the Mau Mau

36
Q

What did Governor Baring launch on October 1952?

A

Operation Jock Scott arresting 150 KAU leaders, including Kenyatta

37
Q

How many were arrested as a result of the Operation Jock Scott in October 1952?

A

150

38
Q

When was Operation Jock Scott?

A

October 1952

39
Q

When the Mau Mau found out about Operation Jock Scott, what did they do?

A

Fled the forest as they were tipped off

40
Q

What did the British destroy

A

Moderate nationalism

41
Q

What was the impact of British destroying moderate nationalism?

A

Forcing all kikuyu into the arms of the Mau Mau

42
Q

In response to the Lari Massacre, how many did the British arrest?

A

2000 men, even though Mau Mau leaders escaped

43
Q

Why did the British arrest 2,000 men?

A

After the Lari Massacre

44
Q

Where was the British aware of the Mau Mau bases?

A

East lands slums of Nairobi

45
Q

Who launched Operation Anvil in April 1954?

A

General Erskine

46
Q

What did General Erskine launch?

A

Operation Anvil in April 1954

47
Q

What happened in April 1954?

A

Operation Anvil: Entire population (50,000-Eastland slums of Nairobi) was moved to temporary camps

48
Q

What was the population of the Eastland slums of Nairobi in April 1954?

A

50,000

49
Q

What happened whilst the Eastland slums of Nairobi were moved to the camps

A

Screened by Gikunia (loyal informers)

50
Q

What was the Gikunia?

A

loyal informers who screened the people in camps to see if they were Mau Mau

51
Q

Who were the loyal informers who screened the people in camps to see if they were Mau Mau?

A

Gikunia (loyal informers)

52
Q

In Operation Anvil, how many Mau Mau were identified?

A

700 hard hard core Mau Mau

53
Q

In Operation Anvil, what happened to 700 people?

A

Identified as Mau Mau

54
Q

In Operation Anvil, how many men were imprisoned without trial?

A

24,000 men imprisioned

55
Q

In Operation Anvil, what happened to 24,000 men?

A

Men who were imprisoned without trial

56
Q

What was the impact of Operation Anvil on Kenyans?

A

Growing anger against the British

57
Q

What happened in June 1954?

A

British decided to enforce villagization (resettlement of Kikuyu into tightly controlled villages)

58
Q

When did the British decided to enforce villagization?

A

June 1954

59
Q

What is villiagization?

A

resettlement of Kikuyu into tightly controlled villages

Kikuyu unable to contact Mau Mau as it was easy for the British to control

60
Q

What happened at sites of villigaization?

A

Sites of torture and brutal interrogation process

61
Q

By October 1955, how many Kikuyu had been forced out of their villages?

A

1 million

62
Q

By October 1955, what happened to 1 million Kikuyu?

A

Forced in villages

63
Q

By what year had 1 million Kikuyu been forced into villages?

A

October 1955

64
Q

Where were Mau Mau prisoners sent to?

A

Detention camps such as Hola, in the South

65
Q

What was Hola

A

Detention camps in the south, where the Mau Mau were sent

66
Q

What did prisoners refuse to do in Hola?

A

Refused to perform their work or take part in ‘rehabilitation’ exercises

67
Q

At Hola, what was the Camp Commandants plan?

A

Force 88 prisoners to work

68
Q

What happened on the 3rd of March 1959?

A

Camp commandant put in place plan for 88 of the prisoners to war

69
Q

When the camp commandant in Hola put in place his plan for 88 of the prisoners would work what happened?

A

11 prisoners clubbed to death by British guards

70
Q

Between 1954-60, how man women were detained under Emergency powers?

A

8000 women

71
Q

Between 1954-60, what happened to 8,000 women?

A

Women that the British had detained using emergency power

72
Q

What was the main site of women incarceration?

A

Kamiti Detention Camp

73
Q

What was Kamiti Detention Camp?

A

main site of women incarceration

Depth study: Kenya (22 decks)

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