Breda - Kidney Function Tests

Question 1

Main Function of the Kidney : control composition and volume of body fluids.

Answer 1

Excretion

Regulation of blood volume and pressure - regulation of extracellular fluid volume in body. Can produce large volume of dilute urine or small volume of conc. urine. Thereby kidneys regulate blood volume and pressure.

Regulation of the concentration of solutes in the blood - regulates conc. if major molecules and ions e.g. glucose, na, cl, k,ca

Regulation of extracellular pH: excretion of variable amounts of H, to regulate extracellular fluid pH.

Regulation of red blood cell synthesis: production of erythropoietin, - stimulates production of rbcs.

Regulation Ca by gastrointestinal tract: regulates synthesis of active form of Vitamin D.

Question 2

Proteinuria -

Answer 2

Abnormal presence of protein in the urine.
( normal urine contains little to no protein)

Source of protein can be:
Renal (kidney)

Post-Renal (lower urinal tract)