Breathing System

Question 1

What is the function of the larynx ?

Answer 1

It allows you make sound

Question 2

Name the flap of tissue which prevents food entering the trachea

Answer 2

Epiglottis

Question 3

Explain the function of the rings of cartilage located along the trachea.

Answer 3

To keep the trachea open.

Question 4

Describe the location of the intercostal muscles

Answer 4

It is between the ribs or ribcage.

Question 5

Name the structures in the lungs in which gaseous exchange takes place

Answer 5

The alveoli

Question 6

Describe what happens to the diaphragm during the process inhalation

Answer 6

It moves down

Question 7

Name the part of the brain which controls breathing

Answer 7

The Medula Oblongata

Question 8

Name the blood vessel from which the capillaries arise

Answer 8

Pulmonary artery.

Question 9

In what form is most carbon dioxide transported in the plasma

Answer 9

Via bicarbonate ions

Question 10

Name the process by which gaseous change takes place in the alveoli

Answer 10

Diffusion

Question 11

State one effect an increase in the production of carbon dioxide would have on the breathing rate.

Answer 11

The rate increases

Question 12

Explain the term homeostasis

Answer 12

This is the maintenance of constant internal environment

Question 13

Why is homeostasis important in the human body ?

Answer 13

It allows normal metabolic activity. It keeps temperature suitable for enzyme reactions

Question 14

Describe the function of intercostal muscles.

Answer 14

It allows air to enter the lungs

Question 15

Describe the function of the alveoli

Answer 15

It is used for gaseous exchange

Question 16

Name a substance that is excreted by both the kidney and the lungs

Answer 16

water

Question 17

Name the gas which plays an important role in the control of breathing.

Answer 17

Carbon dioxide

Question 18

How does the thin walls of the alveoli aid in gaseous exchange ?

Answer 18

It allows for rapid diffusion

Question 19

How does the moist surfaces of the alveoli aid in gaseous exchange ?

Answer 19

Gas can only diffuse in solution

Question 20

Name the structures responsible for gaseous exchange that are located on the stem of plants

Answer 20

Lenticels

Question 21

State a function of the epiglottis

Answer 21

This stops food from entering the trachea

Question 22

State a function of the cartilage in the breathing system

Answer 22

this keeps the trachea open

Question 23

State a function of the pleural membranes

Answer 23

It allows for friction-free movement

Question 24

Is exhalation an active or a passive process.

Answer 24

It is passive

Question 25

Apart from carbon dioxide, name another substance released by the lungs

Answer 25

water

Question 26

Give one way in which an alveolus is adapted to its function

Answer 26

thin walls

moist surface

Question 27

Under what condition is the hormone ADH released by pituitary gland ?

Answer 27

When there is a fall in water level of blood

Question 28

State the precise location of the lungs.

Answer 28

Behind the ribs

Question 29

What effect does vigorous exercise have on the breathing rate ?

Answer 29

It increases the rate by increasing the amount of CO2 in the blood

Question 30

Name the 2 gases which are involved in gaseous exchange

Answer 30

Oxygen and Carbondioxide

Question 31

The Eustachian tube connects the pharynx and what ?

Answer 31

The middle ear