Breathing System Flashcards
What is the function of the larynx ?
It allows you make sound
Name the flap of tissue which prevents food entering the trachea
Epiglottis
Explain the function of the rings of cartilage located along the trachea.
To keep the trachea open.
Describe the location of the intercostal muscles
It is between the ribs or ribcage.
Name the structures in the lungs in which gaseous exchange takes place
The alveoli
Describe what happens to the diaphragm during the process inhalation
It moves down
Name the part of the brain which controls breathing
The Medula Oblongata
Name the blood vessel from which the capillaries arise
Pulmonary artery.
In what form is most carbon dioxide transported in the plasma
Via bicarbonate ions
Name the process by which gaseous change takes place in the alveoli
Diffusion
State one effect an increase in the production of carbon dioxide would have on the breathing rate.
The rate increases
Explain the term homeostasis
This is the maintenance of constant internal environment
Why is homeostasis important in the human body ?
It allows normal metabolic activity. It keeps temperature suitable for enzyme reactions
Describe the function of intercostal muscles.
It allows air to enter the lungs
Describe the function of the alveoli
It is used for gaseous exchange
Name a substance that is excreted by both the kidney and the lungs
water
Name the gas which plays an important role in the control of breathing.
Carbon dioxide
How does the thin walls of the alveoli aid in gaseous exchange ?
It allows for rapid diffusion
How does the moist surfaces of the alveoli aid in gaseous exchange ?
Gas can only diffuse in solution
Name the structures responsible for gaseous exchange that are located on the stem of plants
Lenticels
State a function of the epiglottis
This stops food from entering the trachea
State a function of the cartilage in the breathing system
this keeps the trachea open
State a function of the pleural membranes
It allows for friction-free movement
Is exhalation an active or a passive process.
It is passive
Apart from carbon dioxide, name another substance released by the lungs
water
Give one way in which an alveolus is adapted to its function
thin walls
moist surface
Under what condition is the hormone ADH released by pituitary gland ?
When there is a fall in water level of blood
State the precise location of the lungs.
Behind the ribs
What effect does vigorous exercise have on the breathing rate ?
It increases the rate by increasing the amount of CO2 in the blood
Name the 2 gases which are involved in gaseous exchange
Oxygen and Carbondioxide
The Eustachian tube connects the pharynx and what ?
The middle ear
