Breathing Circuits and Airway Flashcards
1
Q
breathing systems
A
-
circle system
- rebreathing system (recycled)
- non-rebreathing system
2
Q
circle system
A
-
unidirectional valves
- inspiratory
- expiratory
- canister with absorber
- breathing bag
- rebreathing tube
- pressure gauge
- pop off valve
3
Q
most common type of failure in circle system
A
- failure of expiratory valve
- air from expiratory limb will be breathed in too-rebreathing
4
Q
unidirectional valves
A
- allow flow only in one direction
- no rebreathing of CO2
- may stick with moisture (esp expiratory)
- may dislodge from housing
5
Q
breathing tubes
A
- corrugated-prevent kinking
- transparent plastic
- light (less drag)
-
adult and pediatric size
-
two limbs
- expiratory and inspiratory
-
coaxial (F system)
- inside-inspiratory
- outside-expiratory
-
two limbs
6
Q
breathing bag in circle system
A
- used as a reservoir
- 6x the Vt
- used to deliver breaths manually
- can be used to count RR
- some protection against excessive pressure
7
Q
checking for leaks in circle system
A
- canister
- unidirectional valves
- reservoir bag
- hoses
- connections
**close pop off valve to check**
8
Q
advantages of circle system
A
- rebreathing of expired gas after elimination
- keep heat and moisture
- more economic
- less O2 and inhalant
-
lower O2 flows
- less environmental contamination
9
Q
disadvantages of circle system
A
- lots of parts
- more likely to leak
- difficult to clean
- not easily moved
-
controlled ventilation
- hypocarbia
10
Q
non-rebreathing systems
A
- elimination of CO2 by high O2 flow
- usually patient <3kg
-
high O2 flows
- 100-200 mLs/kg (very wasteful)
- different systems
- Bain system (most used)
11
Q
check for leaks in non-rebreathing system
A
- close pop-off valve
- put thumb on the patients end of the breathing hose (prevents dust from going into bag)
- press flush valve until pressure gauge reads 30 cmH2O
- pressure should hold
- press flush valve
- patient’s end of breathing hose open
-
reservoir bag
- will deflate (inspiratory hose intact)
- if inflates = leak in inspiratory hose
12
Q
advantages of non-rebreathing system
A
- light
- simple
- low resistance
- no need for absorber
- fast change in depth (very little volume)
- inexpensive
13
Q
disadvantages of non-rebreathing system
A
- wasteful
- loss of heat and moisture
- pollution
-
changes in EtCO2 and gas analyzer readings
- lower than it should be
14
Q
PEEP
A
positive end expiratory pressure
doesn’t let lung collapse at end of expiration
15
Q
anti-PEEP valve
A
anything over 20, valve releases into environment
safety mechanism
