Breathing And The Respiratory System

Question 1

What is the name of the part of the body where the lungs are located

Answer 1

The upper part of the body called the thorax

Question 2

What are the lungs surrounded by and what do they do

Answer 2

The lungs are surrounded by the rib cage which protects them

Question 3

What is in between the ribs

Answer 3

Intercostal muscles which play a role in ventilating the lungs

Question 4

What is the pleural membrane

Answer 4

A 2-layered membrane which lines the inside of the chest wall (ribs) and the outside of the lungs.

Question 5

What’s the space between the pleural membrane called

Answer 5

Pleural cavity

Question 6

What does the pleural cavity contain

Answer 6

A small amount of pleural fluid

Question 7

What does pleural fluid do

Answer 7

Reduces friction between the lungs and the chest walls during breathing

Question 8

What is the muscular sheet below the lungs called

Answer 8

Diaphragm. This separates the lungs from the abdomen of the body and also plays a role in ventilating the lungs

Question 9

What happens to air as it enters

Answer 9

Air is firstly warmed, moistened and filtered as it travels through the mouth and nasal passages. It then passes through the trachea and down on of the two bronchi and into one of the lungs

Question 10

The trachea and bronchi contain incomplete (c shaped) rings of ……. In their walls.

Answer 10

Cartilage

Question 11

What do the tough rings of cartilage in the trachea and bronchi do

Answer 11

They provide support and keep the trachea and bronchi open ie. Stop them collapsing whilst breathing

Question 12

What are bronchi further divided into

Answer 12

Smaller tubes called bronchioles

Question 13

Lining the trachea,bronchi and bronchioles are many tiny hairs called….

Answer 13

Cilia

Question 14

What does the mucus in the trachea,bronchi and bronchioles do

Answer 14

They trap dust particles and microorganisms that are present in the air that we breathe they get stuck in sticky mucus that is present in the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles

Question 15

What does the cilia do

Answer 15

Move and waft the mucus up the back of the throat so it doesn’t enter the lungs. Instead it is swallowed and enters the stomach where it is destroyed

Question 16

After the air travels into the many bronchioles it finally passes into some of the millions of tiny sacs called the ….. which have ……… surfaces for ….. exchange

Answer 16

Alveoli
Specialised
Gas

Question 17

The alveoli are surrounded by many ……

Answer 17

Capillaries

Question 18

What are capillaries

Answer 18

Where oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood to be transported to every living cell to be used for respiration

Question 19

What moves in the opposite direction than the oxygen and why

Answer 19

Carbon dioxide (produced by cells in respiration) will move in the opposite direction from the blood into the alveoli to be removed from the lungs

Question 20

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide which takes place between the alveoli and the blood is known as

Answer 20

Gas exchange

Question 21

Ribs function

Answer 21

Provides protection for the lungs

Question 22

Intercostal muscles function

Answer 22

Play a role in helping the rib cage to move during breathing

Question 23

What is the pleural membranes function

Answer 23

2 layered membrane which lines the inside of the chest wall and the outside of the lungs

Question 24

Pleural fluid function

Answer 24

Reduces friction between the lungs and chest walls during breathing

Question 25

Nasal cavity function

Answer 25

Draws air in and then warms and moistens the air.

Question 26

Trachea function

Answer 26

Pipe which branches into bronchi and contains c shaped rings of cartilage

Question 27

Bronchi function

Answer 27

Contained c shaped rings of cartilage; branches off the trachea and passes air into the bronchioles

Question 28

Rings of cartilage function

Answer 28

Provides support and keeps trachea and bronchi open during breathing

Question 29

Bronchioles function

Answer 29

Small branches off the bronchi which pass air into alveoli

Question 30

Alveoli function

Answer 30

Tiny air sacs; site of gas exchange

Question 31

Why is it better to breathe through your nose than your mouth

Answer 31

Cilia hairs in the nose filter the dust and dirt out of the body

Question 32

When air is ……., oxygen ……… from the alveoli into the blood to be used for respiration in the body’s cells

Answer 32

Inhaled
Diffuses

Question 33

Gas exchange occurs between the air in the ………. And the blood capillaries which are both found in the lungs

Answer 33

Alveoli

Question 34

…………. Is a waste product made by the body’s cells during respiration. It diffuses from the blood into the alveoli and is ……..

Answer 34

Carbon dioxide

Exhaled