BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES Flashcards
gaseous exchange in coelenterates
on the surface, respiratory organs are absent
what do earthworms use as respiratory organ
cuticle, thin moist vascular
insects like cockroach have ______ as respiratory organ
tracheal system
aquatic arthopods like unio( molluscs) , cray fish, prawn
Gills specialised vascularised structers
frogs respiration
buccal cavity and lungs
tadpole
use gills for respiration
eg of no well developed respiratory
sponges, cnidaria, flatworms
epithelium in the the cavities of the nasal chambers
pseudostartified, ciliated, columnar with neural epithelium
goblet cells
secrete mucus
types of pharynx
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
nasopharynx
only air passes thru it
larynx is also called
sound box, made of cartilages
epiglottis is made up of
elastic cartilage
trachea extends to
mid thoracic cavity
where does it divide into primary and secondary bronchi
5th thoracic vetebrae
use of hyaline, cartilaginous rings
to prevent trachea from collapsing
membrane of alveoli
simple squamous
_____ is secreted by type 2 alveolar epithelial cells , reducing the surface tension btw the fluid and air
LECTININ ( SURFACTANT )
space btw the the pleural membranes of the lungs is
pleural cavity
fluid in the cavity and its use
pleural fluid, to prevent friction
right lung is shorter than left by
2.5cm
why
to accomodate liver, raised diaphragm
which long has cardiac notch
left lung
which are the main sites of diffusion of gases 0=o2 and co2
alveoli
how many fissures does left lung and right lung have respectively
1 - left
2 - right
how many lobes of lungs is present
2 - left
3 - right
pulmanory ventilation
inhale air, expiring co2
cellular respiration
biochemical rkn, occurs in cell, co2, o2
use of conduction part of respiratory system
- conducts air from nostrilis to bronchioles
- clears the air, free from dust
- bring down the temp of air
pressure of o2 is higher in atomospheric air or is it alveoli
atmospheric air
inspiration
inhalation of fresh air
insipration - diaphragm
flat and lowered down, increase the volume of thoracic cavity in antero posterior axis, , decreased pressure so air flow into
role of external intercoastal
contracts, so lift ribs and sternum up, volume of thoracic cavity in DORSO VENTRAL AXIS
flow of gas
from higher to lower pressure