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BIOLOGY CLASS 11 > BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION > Flashcards

BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Plasma

A

straw colored viscous fluid forming matrix of the blood

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2
Q

matrix

A

ground substance
non living substance occupying space between the cells

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3
Q

% OF H2O in plasma

A

90 - 92

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4
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Produced by liver
important clotting factor

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5
Q

Globulins types

A

alpha beta gamma

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6
Q

use of gamma

A

immune response

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7
Q

use of alpha and beta

A

transport of fat soluble vitamins

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8
Q

Albumins

A

maintain osmotic balance
- maintains the blood volume & pressure

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9
Q

Minerals in plasma

A

Na, Ca, Mg, HCO3, Cl

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10
Q

Plasma without clotting proteins

A

serum

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11
Q

Most abundant cell type

A

RBCs

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12
Q

No. of RBCs

A

5 -5.5 million

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13
Q

Shape of RBCs in humans and camels and llama

A

in humans - biconcave
in camel and llama - oval

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14
Q

why does rbc lack nucleus and other cell organlles

A

more room for O2 binding protein - haemoglobin
in the absence of mitochondria it is able to respire anaerobically and not use any of the oxygen

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15
Q

RBC wrt to CO2 transport

A

CARBONIC ANHYDRASE

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16
Q

HW MUCH HAEMOGLOBIN PRESENT IN 100ML OF BLOOD

A

12 -16

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17
Q

FRMN OF RBCs

A

erythropoiesis

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18
Q

where does erythropoiesis occur

A

in bone marrow in adults
in yolk sac in embryo

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19
Q

Life span of RBCs

A

4 months

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20
Q

FRMN OF BLOOD

A

Haemopoiesis

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21
Q

Haemoglobin wrt to oxygen and co2 transport

A

transport o2 as oxyhaemoglobin
transport co2 as carbaminohaemoglobin

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22
Q

no of wbcs

A

6000 - 8000mm3

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23
Q

shape of wbc

A

amoeboid

24
Q

movement through the walls

A

diapedesis

25
Q

types of wbc

A

granular(eosino, baso, neutro) and agranular ( lympho, mono)

26
Q

% of lympho

A

20 - 25

27
Q

lympho describe

A

small cells, round nuclei, little cytoplasm
- for the immune responses
-two types - b and t lymphocytes

28
Q

monocytes

A

largest, amoeboid shape, kidney or horse shoe shaped nuclei, they enter as macrophages (phagocytic in nature)

29
Q

eosino $

A

2-3

30
Q

describe eosino

A
  • bilobed
  • has granules which contain hydrolytic enzymes and peroxidases,
  • they have antihistamine property
    -resist infection
    increases during ALLERGIC RKNS
  • disslove blood clots
  • similar to lysosomes
    (ACIDIC)
31
Q

basophiles

A

(BASIC)
trilobed
secrete histamine serotonin heparin
- acts like MAST CELLS of connective tissue

32
Q

Neutrophils %
basophils %

A

-> 60 - 65%
-> 0.5 - 1%

33
Q

Neutrophils expln

A

phagocytic
engulf and digest bacteria

34
Q

frmn of wbc called as

A

called as leucopoeisis

35
Q

where does it form

A

bone marrow but T lymphocytes MATURE at the thymus

36
Q

rise of wbc is called

A

leucocytosis , occurs during infections

37
Q

plateles number

A

1500k - 3000k mm3

38
Q

shape

A

round or oval

39
Q

nucleus

A

no nucleus

40
Q

Formation

A

in bone marrow called megakaryocytes

41
Q

lifespan and where are they destroyed

A

a week is the lifespan
destroyed in spleen or liver

42
Q

function of wbcs

A

blood clotting, results in the frmn of threads of fibrin

43
Q

decrease in platelets

A

thrombocytopenia

44
Q

disease due to thrombocytopenia

A

purpura

45
Q

2 grps of blood grouping

A

-> ABO
-> Rh

46
Q

discovered by ?

A

karl landsteiner

47
Q

landsteiner law

A

if an antigen is present in rbc then corresponding antibody will be absent

48
Q

if antigen is A then antibody is

A

Anti B

49
Q

what can happen due to RH incompatibility or when the RH + of foetus comes in contact with RH - of the mother

A

-Haemolyosis of rbcs of the foetus
( HDN DISEASE)

  • severe anemia and jaundice
  • Erythroblastsis foetails
50
Q

platelets release coagulation promoting substances called

A

thromboplastins

51
Q

thromboplatins help in frmn of

A

thrombokinase

52
Q

the complex formed has series of rkns called

A

cascade process

53
Q

thrombokinase (ca2+ help) helps to convert

A

prothrombin to thrombin

54
Q

fibrinogen with the help of thrombin is converted to

A

fibrin

55
Q

fibrin form threads

A
  • clot / coagulam
56
Q
A

BIOLOGY CLASS 11 (6 decks)

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