Breathing Flashcards
Explain the difference between breathing and gas exchange.
Breathing is the movement of air in and out of the lungs; gas exchange is the movement of oxygen in and carbon dioxide out of the body.
State the scientific name for an air sac.
alveolus
State which gas present in air is not used by the body.
Nitrogen.
True or false: The amount of oxygen in inhaled air is greater than in exhaled air.
True
True or false: The amount of carbon dioxide in inhaled air is greater than in exhaled air.
False
Explain why a person’s breathing rate and volume will increase during strenuous exercise.
During exercise, you require more energy. More oxygen is required so you can respire more. More carbon dioxide is also produced, which needs to be removed.
What happens to the volume and pressure inside your chest when you inhale?
The volume increases, pressure decreases.
What happens to the volume and pressure inside your chest when you exhale?
The volume decreases, pressure increases.
When you inhale, the muscles between the ribs contract. What does this do to the ribcage?
The ribcage moves up and out.
When you inhale, a sheet of muscle underneath the lungs contracts and moves down. What is this muscle called?
The diaphragm.
What happens to the diaphragm when you exhale?
The diaphragm relaxes and moves up.
Give two ways the alveoli are adapted for gas exchange.
Two from: they create a large surface area, have thin walls that are one cell thick and they have a good blood supply.
Name the structure that protects the lungs.
Ribcage
What is the name of the structure that carries air from the mouth and nose to the lungs.
Trachea
Alcohol is a depressant. What does this mean?
Alcohol is a drug that slows down the body’s reactions by slowing down the nervous system.
