Breast Imaging Mammography Flashcards
Which of the following is inappropriate or demonstrates poor positioning techniques when imaging in the CC projection.
A. demonstrating the nipple in profile
B. always demonstrating the posterior lateral breast
C. The PNL measurement is within 1 cm of the PNL on the MLO
D. including both the medical and lateral breast within the collimated field
B. The CC best demonstrates the anterior, central, medial and posteromedial portions of the breast but is poor at visualizing the lateral and posterior breast tissue
The projection used to demonstrate the posterior lateral aspect of the breast not seen on the CC is: A. XCCL B. ML C. LMO D. MLO
A. The XCCL demonstrates the most posterior aspect of the breast in the CC position. The ML is a lateral projection and the LMO and MLO are both oblique projections
Key points in imaging the MLO projection include:
1. tube angulation should be between 30 and 70 degrees
2. the inframammary fold should be closed
3. compression must support the anterior breast tissue
A. 1 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
C. The inframammary fold should be open when imaging the MLO projection
In breast imaging, the technique used to increase compression on a small area of interest to spread out the tissue and improve resolution is called: A. cleavage B. axillary tail C. tangential D. spot compression
D. Spot compression applies focused compression to one area using a small compression paddle. Cleavage images the media breast, the tangential is used for skin calcifications or lesion and the axillary tail images the tail of Spence
The tangential projection is often used to:
A. image implants
B. demonstrates skin lesions
C. evaluate the margins of lesions
D. remove superimposed tissue when imaging dense breast
B. Skin lesions/calcifications
In imaging implants, some of the projections taken will include an image of the implant. In these projections, the compression is used: 1. for immobilization only 2. to separate the breast tissue 3. to separate and spread out the implant A. 1 only B. 2 only C. 1 and 3 only D. 2 and 3 only
A. For immobilazation only
This projection best demonstrates the inner quadrant and lower-outer quadrant of the breast free of superimposition and can be used when imaging implants, especially encapsulated implants:
The SIO directs the CR from the upper outer aspect t the inferior medial aspect. A 45-degree tube angulation can be used to image the most posterior and inferior portions o the lower outer quadrant of the breast
The main reason for breast compression is to:
maximize the visualization of breast tissue by imaging a uniform breast thickness
After imaging in the breast using the MLO projection, an ML projection was taken. The lesion seen on the MLO moves down on the ML. This indicates that the lesion is located:
Lateral lesions move down on the ML from their position on the MLO. Medial lesions move up on the latter from their position on the MLO. Central lesions will not change significantly
The true lateral projection that will best demonstrate a medial lesion is:
LM or lateral medial
Three benefits of compression
Reduces breast thickness, lowers dose and spreads tissue
Better contrast, less scatter,
Minimizes motion
A possible cause of breast pain:
Breast cysts
On which two margins is the breast more rigidly attached to the chest wall?
The less mobile margins are the superior and medial borders
Why is magnification not useful in evaluating lesion size?
The final image is magnified and the entire breast will not be imaged.
Why are the CC and MLO projections termed “complementary” projections
One image captures what the other does not
