Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HRM Test 3 > Breast Clinical- Onello > Flashcards

Breast Clinical- Onello Flashcards

1
Q

What breast imaging modality is most sensitive in women under 30?

A

Ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What classifies nipple discharge as “pathologic”

A
  1. Spontaneous
  2. Bloody, Serous, Clear
  3. Unilateral
  4. Associated w/ breast mass
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What 3 major things have contributed to lower rates of breast feeding in black communities?

A
  1. Slavery
  2. Wet nursing
  3. Formula company advertising
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the most common cause of physiologic nipple discharge?

A

Galactorrhea = bilateral milky white discharge in persons whoa re not pregnant or lactating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What labs should you check in a patient with galactorrhea?

A

Prolactin

TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most commonly diagnosed cancer?

A

Breast Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does breast cancer fall in causes of cancer death?

A

Second! (Lung cancer is leading killer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most common presenting symptom in patients diagnosed with breast cancer?

A

Breast mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe a benign breast mass

A 
Discrete margins
Do NOT cause skin changes
Smooth
Soft to firm
MOBILE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe a malignant breast mass

A

Generally hard
IMMOBILE
Fixed to surrounding tissue
Poorly defined margins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What should you use to evaluate a breast mass when there is low pre-test probability of cancer?

A

Fine-needle aspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some demographic risk factors for breast cancer?

A

Advanced age
Overweight
White or Ashkenazi Jew

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What would increase risk for breast cancer in a reproductive history?

A

Menarche before age 12
Menopause after 55
Nulliparity
Older than 35 years at first delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What medical history is considered an increased risk factor for breast cancer?

A 
BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations
First degree relative w/ breast or ovarian cancer
Hx of atypical hyperplasia
Prior breast biopsy
Personal hx of cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Can alcohol increase you risk for breast cancer?

A

Yup! More than 1 drink per day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What percent of clinically palpable breast cancers get missed by mammography?

A

10-15%

17
Q

Is mastalgia a risk factor for breast cancer?

A

Nope!

18
Q

When should you consider imaging a pt with breast pain?

A
  1. Mass palpated
  2. Focal pain
  3. Diffuse pain but has risk factors

**if diffuse pain, and no risk factors then can just reassure

19
Q

How should you treat breast pain?

A

NSAIDS

If persistent pain:
Danazol
Tamoxifen

20
Q

Only treatment approved by FDA for treatment of mastalgia?

A

Danazol

21
Q

Most common causes of pathologic nipple discharge?

A

Intraductal papilloma
Duct extasia
Carcinoma
Infection

22
Q

How should you evaluate pathologic nipple dishcarge?

A

Mammography or subareolar ultrasonography

23
Q

Where might you find abnormal breast tissue?

A

Anywhere along the milk line

24
Q

Describe the 5 Tanner stages of development

A

1: prepubertal/ Childhood
2: Breast buds form = thelarche
3: Breasts enlarge
4: Development of glands, raised areolae
5: Adult, areolae are no longer raised

25
Q

How many women ACTUALLY have an insufficient supply of breast milk?

A

1-5%

26
Q

What is the nestle crunch story?

A
  • marketed infant formula to underdeveloped world
  • Expensive, so mothers diluted
  • Babies malnourished
  • Babies with water-born infections
27
Q

What do you treat mastitis with?

A

Dicloxcillin

28
Q

What are some worrisome findings on breast exam?

A 
Lump/Contour Change
Skin Teathering
Nipple inversion
Ulceration
Nipple Scaling (Pagets)
Edema or peau d'orange
29
Q

When should annual mammography screens start?

A

50

Age 40-50 discuss risk factors/possible offer mammography

30
Q

Benign, hyperplastic process of a single duct

Small, mobile, firm mass with sharp edges

A

Fibroadenoma

*Most common tumor in those

31
Q

Large, bulk mass of connective tissue and cysts

“leaf like” projections

Can become malignant

A

Phyllodes tumor

32
Q

What is mammary duct extasia?

A

Periductal fibrosis and inflammation with nipple discharge

Usually thick grey to black

Dilation of mammary duct

Benign lesion, self-limiting, rare

33
Q

Differential diagnosis for nipple discharge?

A

Mammary duct extasia
Intraductal papilloma
Galactorrhea
Malignancy

HRM Test 3 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions