Breast Cancer Pathology I Flashcards
What is the most common cancer among women?
What cancer causes the most deaths among women?
- Breast cancer is most common cancer in women
- Lung cancer accounts for most cancer deaths in women
What is the most common cancer in men?
What cancer causes the most deaths among men?
- Prostate is most common cancer in men
- Lung cancer causes most death among men
What is one broad risk factor for breast cancer?
What race places you at higher risk?
- Increased estrogen exposure (obesity, early menarche, etc)
- African Americans have increased risk for triple negative cancer
What is the defect in Li-Fraumeni syndrome?
Name 4 cancers that are more common in this condition.
- p53 mutation
- Sarcoma, Breast, Leukemia, Adrenal
What is DCIS’s typical receptor profile?
What does it look like on mammogram?
- Low grade often expresses ER/PR
- Microcalcifications on mammogram
What is Paget’s Disease? (2)
- Eczema-like rash on the nipple (b/c cancer is affecting the nipple skin)
- Associated with underlying DCIS or invasive carcinoma
What stain can identify LCIS? (1)
How does it typically present? (4)
- Stains + for e-cadherin
- Often bilateral, multifocal, without calcification
- Does not form a mass
Where does invasive breast carcinoma most commonly present?
Upper outer quadrant
What is the most common breast cancer?
Invasive ductal carcinoma
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
- Unilateral or bilateral?
- Decreased _________ expression
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
- Bilateral
- Decreased E-cadherin expression
What is the prognosis for Medullary Carcinoma?
- Better prognosis, despite being triple negative
What are the components of a Phyllodes tumor?
Which part is typically malignant?
Stroma + Epithelium
Malignant part is stroma
What age group gets fibroadenomas?
How do they affect cancer risk?
Young women
Does not increase risk of cancer
What is the most common receptor expression for breast cancers?
What cancers usually display this?
ER positive, HER2 negative
*Usually seen in atypical ductal hyperplasia, DCIS, and invasive ductal carcinoma
Define prognostic and predictive factors
- Prognostic = how patient will fare regardless of treatment
- Predictive = how patient will respond to specific therapies
*ER, PR, HER2 are all both prognositc and predictive factors
What mutation increases the risk of breast cancer in men?
BRCA2
What is the prognosis for triple negative tumors?
Triple negative tumors have a worse prognosis
(are more aggressive)
How do DCIS and LCIS affect your cancer risk?
- DCIS: increases risk of invasive carcinoma in IPSILATERAL breast
- LCIS: increases risk of invasive carcinoma in BOTH breasts
What breast cancer classicaly has a “stellate” infiltration?
Invasive ductal carcinoma
Which invasive carcinoma most commonly causes skin dimpling?
Ductal
Which breast carcinoma typically has a lymphocytic infiltrate?
Medullary carcinoma
Which breast carcinoma has lines of cells?
Lobular carcinoma
What causes peau d’orange skin?
How does this affect prognosis?
- Breast cancer invades the dermal lymphatics
- lymphatic drainage blocked
- edema
- tightening of suspensory ligaments
- Peau d’orange skin
Poor prognostic factor
