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3. Conditions: Gynaecology > Breast Cancer > Flashcards

Breast Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What is a phyllodes tumour?

A

Very rare periductal cancer

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2
Q

What is shown on histology of phyllodes tumour?

A

Leaf-like pattern

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3
Q

DDx of a breast lump?

A

In situ carcinoma

  • DCIS
  • Invasive lobular

Phyllodes tumour

Fibroadenoma

Lipoma

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4
Q

What is a fibroadenoma and who gets them?

A

Most common breast lump in younger women

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of a fibroadenoma?

A

Non tender

Well circumscribed

Freely movable

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6
Q

What are protective factors of breast cancer?

A

Breast feeding

Early family

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7
Q

What are risk factors of breast cancer?

A 
BRCA1, 2
Menopause
TP53
PTEN
\+FH
HRT
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8
Q

Typical presentation?

A

” 68 y/o woman presents with a 3/12 history of painless lump in her upper lateral quadrant of her right breast. O/e the lump is hard and immobile. She has 3 enlarged axillary lymph nodes. “

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9
Q

What is the name of the lymph node that first drains a breast malignancy?

A

Sentinel node

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10
Q

What type of discharge might a ductal cell cancer present with?

A

Bloody

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11
Q

What skin sign may be seen on the breast?

A

Peau d’orange

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12
Q

What is peau d’orange?

A

Orange skin

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13
Q

Investigation of suspected breast cancer?

A

Mammogram

USS with FNA

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14
Q

What may be seen on mammogram?

A

Microcalcification

Irregular mass

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15
Q

What will a fibroadenoma look like on mammogram?

A

Regular, well defined border

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16
Q

What specific gene can be checked for in breast cancer?

A

HER-2

17
Q

What else can be tested for about the cancer itself?

A

Hormone receptor testing

18
Q

What is FNA used for?

A

Staging

19
Q

Treatment of breast cancer?

A

Surgery

Chemo

Radio

20
Q

What is preferred treatment of breast cancer with no nodal involvement?

A

Breast conserving surgery

Mastectomy

21
Q

What is criteria for breast conserving surgery?

A

Tumour <4cm

22
Q

What is treatment for breast cancer with affected sentinel node?

A

Mastectomy + node resection

23
Q

What type of mastectomy can be done for breast cancer?

A

Skin conserving

24
Q

What type of chemo can be done for HER-2 + breast cancer?

A

Herceptin

25
Q

What is another name for herceptin?

A

Trastuzumab

26
Q

What chemo exists for oestrogen receptor sensitive breast cancer?

A

Tamoxifen if pre menopausal

Aromatase inhibitor if post menopausal

3. Conditions: Gynaecology (24 decks)

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