Breast Cancer Flashcards
What are risk factors?
Being female
Increased oestrogen exposure
HRT - combined especially
Obesity
Smoking
Family history
More dense breast tissue
COCP
What are BRCA genes
Tumour suppressor genes
What chromosome is the BRCA 1 gene found
17
What other cancers do mutations of the BRCA 1 gene increase risk of ?
Ovarian
Bowel
Prostate
What chromosome is BRCA2 gene found on?
13
What other cancers does BRCA 2 predispose you to?
Ovarian cancer
What are the two types of carcinoma in situ
Ductal and lobular
How is ductal carcinoma in situ usually picked up?
mammogram screening
What is DCIS
Pre-cancerous or cancerous epithelial cells of the breast duct
Localised to a single area
What is LCIS
Pre-cancerous condition
How is LCIS usually picked up
Incidentally on breast biopsy
How is LCIS managed
Close monitorign
How is DCIS managed
Excision and adjuvant treatment q
What is invasive ductal carcinoma NST
NST no specific type
Originate in cells from breast ducts
Can invasive ductal carcinoma NST be seen on mammograms?
Yes
Where do invasive lobular carcinomas originate
Lobules
How does inflammatory breast cancer present
Swollen
Warm
Tender
Pitting skin
What is Paget’s disease of the nipple
Breast cancer involving the nipplE
mAY REPRESENT DCIS OR INVASIVE BREAST CANCER