Branchial/Pharyngeal Arch Derivatives Flashcards
1st arch cartilage: (5)
- Meckel cartilage
- Mandible
- Malleus
- Incus
- Spheno-Mandibular ligament
1st arch muscles (5)
- Muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, lateral and medial pterygoids)
- Mylohyoid
- Tensor tympani
- Tensor veli palantini
- Anterior 2/3 of the tongue
1st arch nerves (2)
V1 and V2
1st arch pathology (1)
Treacher Collins syndrome: 1st arch neural crest fails to migrate –> mandibular hypoplasia and facial abnormalities
2nd arch cartilage (4)
- Stapes
- Styloid process
- Stylohyoid ligament
- Lesser horn of Hyoid
2nd arch muscles (3)
- Muscles of facial expression
- Stapedius
- Stylohyoid
2nd arch nerves (1)
CN VII
3rd arch cartilage (1)
- Greater horn of hyoid
3rd arch muscle (1)
Stylopharyngeus
3rd arch nerve (1)
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
2nd arch pathology (1)
Congenital pharyngo-cutaneous fistula: persistence of cleft and pouch –> fistula between tonsillar area and lateral neck
4th-6th arch cartilage (2)
- Thyroid
2. Cricoid
4th arch muscles (3)
- Most pharyngeal constrictors
- CRICOTHYROID
- Levator veli palantini
6th arch muscles (1)
- All intrinsic muscles of larynx EXCEPT cricothyroid
4th arch nerve
CN X –> superior laryngeal nerve (branch of vagus)
6th arch nerve
CN X –> recurrent laryngeal nerve (branch of vagus)
–Wraps around aortic arch on left and subclavian artery on right
Arches 3 and 4 (oddball)
Arches 3 and 4 form posterior 1/3 of tongue
