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neuro 2nd shift > brainstem - surface anatomy and 4th vent > Flashcards

brainstem - surface anatomy and 4th vent Flashcards

1
Q

the brainstem is composed of the _____

A

midbrain, pons and medulla

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2
Q

what does the brainstem occupy in the cranium

A

posterior cranial fossa

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3
Q

what is found at the rostral boundary of the brainstem

A

Midbrain-diencephalic junction

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4
Q

what is found at the caudal boundary of the brainstem

A

cervicomedullary junction

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5
Q

level of cervicomedullary junction

A

At level of foramen magnum and pyramidal decussation

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6
Q

functions of the brainstem

A

conduit for asc and desc tracts to forebrain

contains reflex centers for respiration, CV functions and consciousness

contains nuclei of CN III-XII

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7
Q

which cranial nerve nuclei does the brainstem contain

A

nuclei of CN III-XII

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8
Q

the cerebellum is attached to ______ and ______

A

posterior of pons and upper medulla

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9
Q

where is tectum found

A

Only in midbrain = superior and inferior colliculus

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10
Q

where is tegmentum found

A

ventral to CA in midbrain

ventral to 4th in pons and medulla

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11
Q

makes up the main bulk of brainstem nuclei and reticular formation

A

tegmentum

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12
Q

most ventral portion of brainstem

A

pons

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13
Q

significance of basis

A

has fibers that makes up corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts

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14
Q

found on ventral surface of midbrain

A

cerebral peduncles and interpeduncular fossa

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15
Q

found on dorsal surface of midbrain

A

tectum - sup and inf colliculi

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16
Q

found on ventral surface of pons

A

transverse fibers, convex

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17
Q

what limits the pons dorsally

A

4th ventricle

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18
Q

attachments of the pons dorsolaterally

A

attached to the cerebellum by the superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar peduncle

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19
Q

found on ventral surface of medulla

A

pyramids

rostral medulla - olives or inferior olivary nuclei

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20
Q

found on dorsal surface of medulla

A

caudal medulla - posterior columns and their nuclei (gracilis-cuneatus)

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21
Q

relate the inferior olivary nuclei to the pyramids

A

ION is lateral to pyramids

22
Q

what forms the hypoglossal trigone and vagal trigone

A

by the CN XII nucleus and the
dorsal motor nucleus of CN X

23
Q

these are bumps on the floor of 4th vent

A

facial colliculi

24
Q

the floor of the 4th vent spans the _____

A

pons to rostral medulla

25
Q

joins the ____ superiorly which runs through the midbrain

26
Q

the 4th vent caudally drains into _____ via _____

A

subarachnoid space via Foramen of Luschka (lateral) and Foramen of Magendie (medial)

27
Q

Sensory and motor nuclei are demarcated by the _____

A

sulcus limitans

28
Q

Sulcus limitans is still visible along the ______

A

lateral wall of the 4th ventricle

29
Q

the sulcus lmitans is _______ ventromedially and _______ dorsolaterally

A

motor nuc - ventromed

sensory nuc - dorsolat

30
Q

the tectum lies dorsal to ______

A

cerebral aqeuduct

31
Q

the cranial nerves emerge from the _____ via the _____

A

brainstem via foramen of skull

32
Q

found rostral to floor of 4ht vent

A

dorsal surface of pons

33
Q

found caudal to floor of 4ht vent

A

dorsal surface of medulla

34
Q

what is the rhomboid fossa

A

shallow, diamond shaped depression on the dorsal surface of the pons and medulla oblangata

35
Q

it forms the floor of the 4th vent

A

rhomboid fossa

36
Q

extension/continuation of the posterior median sulcus of spinal cord

A

Posterior Median Fissure

37
Q

protuberance (formed by) dorsal
motor nucleus of vagus nerve

A

Vagal Trigone

38
Q

protuberance of hypoglossal nucleus

A

Hypoglossal Trigone

39
Q

the vagal trigone is lateral to ______

A

hypoglossal trigone

40
Q

what is the facial colliculas

A

subependymal bundle of facial
nerve winding around the abducens nucleus - forms bulge

41
Q

found between rostral and caudal parts of the floor of 4th vent

A

Stria Medullaris

42
Q

stria medullaris is surface landmark of ________

A

arcuate cerebellar bundle

from arcuate nuc in medulla to cerebellum

43
Q

thin layer of tissue suspended between the superior cerebellar peduncles (roof of 4th vent)

A

anterior medullary velum; along c inf medullary velum

44
Q

in general what can be found at the roof of 4th vent

A

ant/inf medullary velum
cerebellum
choroid plexus of 4th vent

45
Q

what are the lateral boundaries of 4th vent

A

Brachium Conjunctivum (SCP)
Restiform Body (ICP)
Gracilis and Cuneate Tubercles
Lateral Recess

46
Q

Connects cerebellum and midbrain

A

Brachium Conjunctivum (SCP)

47
Q

Connects medulla and cerebellum

A

Restiform Body (ICP)

48
Q

Surface markings of gracile and cuneate nuclei

A

Gracilis and Cuneate Tubercles

49
Q

Lateral angles of 4th ventricle

A

Lateral Recess

50
Q

trochlear nerve exits midbrain ____

neuro 2nd shift (21 decks)

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