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neuro 2nd shift > brainstem - internal anatomy of medulla > Flashcards

brainstem - internal anatomy of medulla Flashcards

1
Q

the medulla connects the _____ and the _______

A

pons sup and cervical SC inf

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2
Q

medulla is _____ in shape and ______ superiorly

A

conical shape and broad superiorly

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3
Q

what does the cervicomedullary junction contain

A

pyramidal decussation

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4
Q

cervicomedullary junction is level c ______

A

foramen magnum

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5
Q

the central canal continues upward into ______ and expands as ______

A

lower half of medulla

cavity of 4th vent

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6
Q

what can be found in the ventral surface of the medulla in general

A

anterior median fissure
pyramids
anterior external arcuate fibers
olives

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7
Q

the anterior median fissure is cont c ______

A

anterior median fissure of SC

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8
Q

swelling on each side of median fissure

A

pyramids

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9
Q

the pyramids are bounded lat by _____

A

ventrolateral sulcus

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10
Q

the pyramids carry ______

A

ant/lat corticospinal tracts to SC

corticobulbar fibers in brainstem

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11
Q

Emerge from the anterior median fissure and

A

anterior external arcuate fibers

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12
Q

anterior external arcuate fibers pass laterally over the _____ to enter the ______

A

surface of medulla

enter cerebellum

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13
Q

anterior external arcuate fibers arise from ______

A

arcuate nuclei at base of medulla

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14
Q

arcuate nuclei at base of medulla pass around the _____ to enter ______

A

lateral surface

inferior cerebellar peduncle

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15
Q

olives are _____ to pyramids

A

posterolateral

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16
Q

olives are Oval elevations produced by underlying _____

A

inferior olivary nuclei

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17
Q

________ emerge from groove bet pyramids and olives

A

rootlets of hypoglossal nerve

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18
Q

roots that emerge from the olives

A

Roots of glossopharyngeal, vagus, and rootlets of accessory nerves

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19
Q

_____ are posterior to olives

A

Inferior cerebellar peduncles

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20
Q

inferior cerebellar peduncles connect ______

A

connect medulla to cerebellum

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21
Q

CN from lat olive

A

9,10,11

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22
Q

CN from medial to olive and lat to pyramid

A

12

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23
Q

Posterior surface of the superior of the medulla forms the _____

A

lower part of the floor of
the 4th ventricle

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24
Q

Posterior surface of the inferior half of the
medulla is continuous with

A

posterior aspect

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25
Q

elongated swelling of the posterior median sulcus

A

gracile tubercle

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26
Q

what produces gracile tubercle

A

gracile nuc

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27
Q

found lateral to gracile tub

A

cuneate tub

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28
Q

what produces cuneate tubercle

A

cuneate nuc

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29
Q

4 levels of internal structure of medulla

A

pyramidal decuss

decuss of lemnisci

level of olives

level just inferior of pons

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30
Q

Superiorly, the corticospinal fibers ______

A

occupy and form the pyramid

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31
Q

Inferiorly, about 90% of the fibers decussate and continue down the _______ as _______

A

lateral funiculus as lateral corticospinal tract

32
Q

other 10% ______

A

ant corticospinal tracts

33
Q

discuss somatopical organization at level of PD

A

LE more lat
UE med

34
Q

Corticobulbar fibers leave as they descend to project to _____

35
Q

________ continue to ascend superiorly, posterior to the central gray matter

A

Fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus

36
Q

Nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus appear as ______

A

posterior extensions of the central gray matter

37
Q

Substantia gelatinosa becomes continuous with the ______

A

inferior end of the nucleus of the spinal tract of trigeminal nerve

38
Q

level of lemnisci decuss aka

A

Level of sensory decussation

39
Q

spinal nuc of trigeminal nerve is found in _____

A

Dorsolateral position in medulla; lateral to internal arcuate fibers

40
Q

Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve lies ____

A

lateral to the nucleus

41
Q

Spinal tract of trigeminal Extends throughout _____ and descends to _______

A

medulla

C3 level of SC

42
Q

Spinal tract of trigeminal continues as _____

A

caudally with substansia
gelatinosa

rostrally with main
sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve in pons

43
Q

senses Spinal Tracts and Nucleus of Trigeminal Nerve

A

Exteroceptive sensation (pain, temperature, light touch) from ipsilateral face

44
Q

found lateral to lemnisci decuss

A

ant/lat spinothalamic
spinotectal

45
Q

tracts found at anterolat region to LD

A

spinocerebellar
vestibulospinal
rubrospinal

46
Q

level of olives found ______ to pyramids

A

Posterolateral to the pyramids

47
Q

Gray matter shaped like crumped bag w/ mouth directed medially

A

Olivary Nuclear Complex

48
Q

Inferior olivary nucleus gives _____

A

Principal nucleus,
medial accessory olivary nucleus & dorsal
accessory olivary nucleus

49
Q

olivary nuc complex is assoc c what movement

A

w/ voluntary muscle movement

50
Q

Afferent fibers of olivary nuc complex

A

spino-olivary tracts, cerebellum and cerebral cortex

51
Q

what consists of the vestibular nuc complex

A

medial
inferior
lateral
superior

vestibular nucleus

52
Q

vestibular nuc found at level of olive

A

medial and inferior vestibular
nucleus

53
Q

found on anterolateral aspect of the inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

Anterior cochlear nucleus

54
Q

found on posterior aspect of peduncle lateral to the floor of the 4th. ventricle

A

Posterior cochlear nucleus

55
Q

a large motor neuron and found deep in reticular formations

A

Nucleus Ambiguus

56
Q

fibers of nuc ambiguus join ______

A

glossopharyngeal,
vagus and cranial part of accessory nerve

57
Q

what does nuc ambiguus supply

A

stylopharyngeus (IX); pharyngeal muscles for swallowing and laryngeal muscles (X

SVE IX and X

58
Q

from medial to lateral give the structures that are found at level of olives

A

hypoglossal nuc
dorsal nuc of vagus
nuc of tractus solitarius
median and inf vestibular nuc

59
Q

recieves afferent from cerebral cort and sends efferent to cerebellum

and through what

A

Arcuate nuclei - anterior external arcuate fibers

60
Q

what does arcuate nuc control

A

controls breathing

61
Q

Flattened tract on each side of the midline posterior to the pyramid

A

Medial lemniscus

62
Q

medial lemn Fibers emerge from the decussation of the ______ and send afferents to ______

A

lemnisci and thalamus

63
Q

found on posterolateral corner of level of olives

A

Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle

64
Q

Small tract on each side of the midline posterior to the medial lemniscus and anterior to the hypoglossal nucleus

A

Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus

65
Q

Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus is responisble for what

A

(CN III, IV, and VI) to each other and to the vestibular nuclei for conjugate eye movement

66
Q

found on Anteromedial aspect of inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

Spinal Tract and Nucleus of Trigeminal Nerve

67
Q

In between inferior olivary nucleus and nucleus of spinal tract of trigeminal nerve

A

Anterior spinocerebellar Tract

68
Q

Diffuse mixture of nerve fibers and cells, deeply placed posterior to the olivary
nucleus

A

Reticular Formation

69
Q

emerges between olives and inferior cerebellar peduncles inferior to pons

A

Glossopharyngeal, vagus, and cranial part of accessory nerves

70
Q

Emerge between the pyramids and olives jus inferior to pons

A

Hypoglossal Nerve

71
Q

Forms a distinct bundle at about the mid-olivary level

A

Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle (restiform body)

72
Q

inferior cerebellar ped carry _____

A

inputs to cerebellum from spinal cord

73
Q

tracts within inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

Olivocerebellar tract

Dorsal spinocerebellar tract

Reticulocerebellar tract

Cuneocerebellar tract

Arcuatocerebellar tract

Cerebello-olivary tract

Trigeminocerebellar tract

Fibers from perihypoglossal nuclei

74
Q

small inner (medial) part of the restiform body

A

juxtarestiform body

75
Q

tracts with in juxtarestiform body

A

Cerebelloreticular tract

Cerebellovestibular tract

Vestibulocerebellar, secondary
vestibular fiber

Direct vestibular nerve fibers to the cerebellum

Cerebellospinal tract

neuro 2nd shift (21 decks)

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