Brainstem Flashcards

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1
Q

What are three general functions of the brainstem?

A

(1). Conduit Functions
(2). Integrative Functions
(3). Cranial Nerve Functions

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2
Q

What is Conduit Functions?

A

A passageway for information flow (both ascending sensory and descending motor tracks)

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3
Q

What is Integrative Functions?

A

An integration point for information regarding arousal and higher brain function

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4
Q

What is Cranial Nerve Functions?

A

Receives information from head and vital organs as well as send motor commands to head and vital organs.

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5
Q

Is the Rostral Medulla towards the spinal cord or the forebrain?

A

Forebrain

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6
Q

Is the Caudal Medulla toward the spinal cord or the forebrain?

A

Spinal Cord

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7
Q

What are three parts of the external medulla: ventral surface?

A

(1) Superior Olive
(2) Inferior Olive
(3) Pyramids

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8
Q

What does the Superior Olive do?

A

Auditory perception

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9
Q

What does the Inferior Olive do?

A

Cerebellar motor learning

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10
Q

What is the pyramids made of?

A

Contain motor fibers that are known as the corticospinal tracts. The corticospinal tracts are on the anterior surface of the pyramids.

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11
Q

What are two parts of the the external medulla: Dorsal surface?

A

(1) Cuneate Nucleus
(2) Gracile Nucleus

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12
Q

What is a landmark structure of the dorsal surface of the external medulla?

A

4th ventricle

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13
Q

What does the Cuneate Nucleus do?

A

Carries fine touch and proprioceptive information from the upper boy (except face and ear) to thalamus.

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14
Q

What does the Gracile Nucleus do?

A

Carries fine touch and proprioceptive information from the lower body to thalamus.

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15
Q

“Nucleus” is groups of…

A

Cell Bodies

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16
Q

“Fasciculus” is groups of….

A

Axons

17
Q

The ventral portion of the pons contains…

A

The pontine nuclei, which relays cortical input to the cerebellum and spinal cord

18
Q

What do the dorsal pons do?

A

Regulate respiration, mouth sensations, and sleep.

19
Q

Describe Basal Pons.

A

“Bulge” that dominates ventral surface. Contains cell bodies of pontine nuclei the “middlemen” in communication of motor information from cortex to cerebellum.

20
Q

Describe Trapezoid Body.

A

At junction of medulla and pons- bundle of fibers involved in auditory processing.

21
Q

Describe the cerebellar peduncles.

A

Large white matter bundles connecting cerebellum to brainstem.