Brain structure + function Flashcards
What is neuroanatomy?
study of structure of nervous system
What is neurophysiology?
study of functions and activities of nervous system
Who said the ‘brain is the organ of reasoning’?
Plato
Who made the first drawings of the brain?
Leonardo Da Vinci
What Is the nervous system split into?
central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
What is the Central nervous system made up of?
the brain and spinal cord
What is the peripheral nervous system made up of?
somatic and autonomic nervous system
What is the somatic nervous system (SNS)?
voluntary actions e.g moving hand away from fire
communicates with sense organs
afferent versus efferent nerves
What is afferent nervous system?
sensory input
What is efferent nervous system?
motor input
What is the autonomic nervous system (ANS) split into?
the sympathetic and the parasympathetic pathway
What is the sympathetic pathway?
arousing, fight or flight
dilates pupils, increased heartbeat
What is the parasympathetic pathway?
calming
constricts pupils, slows heartbeat and breathing
What are directional terms in neuroanatomy used for?
for a 3D coordinate system to help neuroanatomists explain where something is in the brain
How are directional terms described?
in relation to orientation of neuraxis (direction in which CNS lies in relation to spinal cord)
What are directional terms An___ and Po___?
Anterior
Posterior
Where is dorsal?
towards back of body
or
towards top of head
Where is ventral?
towards front of body
or bottom of head
Where is rostral?
towards front end of body
e.g nose
Where is caudal?
toward back of body
e.g feet
Where is proximal?
close to CNS
e.g shoulders
Where is distal?
far from CNS
e.g fingers
Where is lateral?
away from midline
Where is Medial?
toward the midline
