Brain, Special Senses, Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Which cranial nerves are motor only?

A

3, 4, 6, 11, 12

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2
Q

Which division of the trigeminal nerve innervates the anterior scalp, nose, lacrimal glands, and cornea of the eye?

A

Opthanthalmic

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3
Q

Damage to which nerve would make it impossible to shrug their shoulders or turn their head?

A

Accessory

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4
Q

Primary brain vesicle that gives rise to the metencephlon and myelencephalon

A

Rhombencephalon

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5
Q

Secondary brain vesicle that gives rise to the adult pond and cerebellum

A

Metencephalon

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6
Q

The frontal lobe is separated from the parietal lobe by the ____?

A

Central sulcus

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7
Q

Which lobe is found deep to the lateral sulcus?

A

Insula

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8
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid flows within which area of the brain and spinal cord?

A

Sub arachnoid space

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9
Q

White fibers that transmit impulses between corresponding gyri of the right and left hemisphere

A

Commissures

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10
Q

The second largest part of the brain and is responsible for the fine muscle control of the body that helps to coordinate balance and equilibrium

A

Cerebellum

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11
Q

The part of the brain that possesses emotions

A

Lymbic system

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12
Q

The part of the temporal lobe that is responsible for smell

A

Olfactory cortex

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13
Q

The sense of taste is also called ___?

A

Gustation

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14
Q

Loss of smell is called ___?

A

Anosmia

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15
Q

Loss of equilibrium is called ___?

A

Vertigo

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16
Q

An earache is called ___?

A

Otalgia

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17
Q

The malleus, incus, and stapes are collectively referred to as auditory ossicles and are located in the ___?

A

Middle ear

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18
Q

Detect smell and taste

A

Chemoreceptors

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19
Q

All lingual papillae possess taste buds except ___?

A

Filiform papillae

20
Q

Based on their degree of myelination, what will transmit nerve impulses fastest?

A

Somatic nerves

21
Q

The only organ of the autonomic nervous system that does not involve a two neuron pathway

A

Adrenal gland

22
Q

Pregangliotic neurons of the autonomic nervous system extend from the spinal cord towards the ganglia and ALWAYS secrete _____ neurotransmitters.

A

Acetylcholine

23
Q

Associated with the production of saliva by the stimulation of the paratoid gland

A

Glossopharyngeal

24
Q

Causes erection

A

Parasympathetic

25
Q

Stimulates adrenal gland

A

Sympathetic

26
Q

Decreases secretions of the salivary glands

A

Sypathetic

27
Q

Parasympathetic: stimulates sphincter pupillae muscles; constricts pupils
Sympathetic: stimulates dilator pupillae muscles; dilates pupils

A

Eye (iris)

28
Q

Parasympathetic: stimulates muscle which results in bulging of the lens for close vision
Sympathetic: weakly inhibits muscle, results in flattening of lens for far vision

A

Eye (ciliary muscle)

29
Q

Parasympathetic: stimulates secretory activity
Sympathetic: inhibits secretory activity. Causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels supplying the glands.

A

Glands (nasal, lacrimal, gastric pancreas)

30
Q

Parasympathetic: stimulates secretion of watery saliva
Sympathetic: stimulates secretion of thick, viscous saliva

A

Salivary glands

31
Q

Parasympathetic: no innervation
Sympathetic: stimulates copious sweating (cholinergenic fibers)

A

Sweat glands

32
Q

Parasympathetic: no innervation
Sympathetic: stimulates medulla glands to secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Adrenal medulla

33
Q

Parasympathetic: no innervation
Sympathetic: stimulates contraction erects hairs (goosebumps)

A

Arrector pili muscles attached to hair follicles

34
Q

Parasympathetic: decreases heart rate, slows heart
Sympathetic: increases rate and force of heart beat

A

Heart (muscle)

35
Q

Parasympathetic: no innervation
Sympathetic: causes vasodilation

A

Heart (coronary blood vessels)

36
Q

Parasympathetic: causes contraction of smooth muscle of bladder wall, relaxes urethra sphincter, promotes voiding
Sympathetic: causes relaxation of smooth muscle of bladder wall, constricting urethral sphincter, inhibits voiding

A

Urinary bladder/ urethra

37
Q

Parasympathetic: constricts bronchioles
Sympathetic: dilates bronchioles

A

Lungs

38
Q

Parasympathetic: increases motility ( peristalsis) and amount of secretions by digestive organs. Relaxes sphincters to allow movement of foodstuffs along tract
Sympathetic: decreases activity of glands and muscles of digestive system, constricts sphincters

A

Digestive tract organs

39
Q

Parasympathetic: increases glucose uptake from blood
Sympathetic: stimulates release of glucose to blood

A

Liver

40
Q

Parasympathetic: excites (gallbladder contracts to expel bile
Sympathetic: inhibits (gallbladder is released)

A

Gallbladder

41
Q

Parasympathetic: no innervation
Sympathetic: promotes renin release. Causes vasoconstriction. Decrease urine output

A

Kidney

42
Q

Parasympathetic: causes erection (vasodilation)
Sympathetic: causes ejaculation

A

Penis

43
Q

Parasympathetic: causes erection of clitoris (vasodilation). Increases vaginal lubrication
Sympathetic: causes contraction of vagina

A

Vagina/ clitoris

44
Q

Parasympathetic: little or no effect
Sympathetic: constricts most vessels and raises blood pressure.

A

Blood vessels

45
Q

Parasympathetic: no innervation
Sympathetic: increases coagulation

A

Blood coagulation

46
Q

Parasympathetic: no innervation
Sympathetic: increases metabolic rate

A

Cellular metabolism

47
Q

Parasympathetic: no innervation
Sympathetic: stimulates lipolysis (fat break down)

A

Adipose tissue