Brain / Memory Flashcards
How many types of Memory Errors that we make regularly?
There are 7 types of Regular Memory Errors.
What are the types of Memory Errors that we make regularly?
- Transience
- Absent-Mindedness
- Blocking
- Misattribution
- Suggestibility
- The Sins of Bias
- Persistence
What are the Sins of Bias?
- Consistency Bias
- Hindsight Bias
- Egocentric Bias
- Bias from Stereotyping
What is Transience (Regular Memory Error)?
The FORGETTING that occurs with PASSAGE of TIME if the memory is NOT Recalled
What is Absent-Mindedness (Regular Memory Error)?
A process whereby the information is NEVER properly ENCODED, or is simply overlooked at the point of recall.
What is Blocking (Regular Memory Error)?
The phenomenon when something is indeed encoded in our memory and should be easily available in the given situation, but simply will not come to mind.
What is Misattribution (Regular Memory Error)?
We do remember something, but that thing is wrong, or possibly not even our own memory at all.
What is Suggestibility (Regular Memory Error)?
Our brain’s tendency to misremember the source of memories.
What is Persistence (Regular Memory Error)?
The often difficult reality that some memories, especially negative ones, persist a lot longer than we wish.
What is Ebbinghaus forgetting curve?
The probability of correctly recalling an item declined (roughly) exponentially with time.
Define interference
The DISRUPTION of MEMORIES by OTHER memories which are PAIRED to the SAME cues.
What is retrieval-induced forgetting effect (RIF)?
Permanent loss of a memory due to interference.
What is Testing Effect?
…selective practice testing substantially boosts performance for the practiced items but can also worsen the performance for the unpracticed items.
What is Retrieval?
The mechanism of accessing information stored in memory.
Successful retrieval of memory depends on its associations with cues.
A cue is anything that is connected to a memory trace (physical object, situation, time period, word, question).
