Biology

Question 1

What is the substance found between the joints of the bones?

Answer 1

Syonvial Fluid — “synovial” partially derives from ovum, latin for egg

Question 2

What is the period after which we can crack the same bones again?

Answer 2

around 20 minutes

Question 3

Why do we hear a popping sound on cracking the bones?

Answer 3

When we stretch out our joints, a gas is released and that gas forms a bubble and it collapses and pops.

Question 4

What is Glycemic Index?

Answer 4

Glycemic index is a number that gives you an idea about how FAST your body CONVERTS the CARBS in a food into GLUCOSE.

The SMALLER the number, the LESS impact the food has on your blood sugar.

55 or less = Low (good) - takes time to digest, feels fuller for long time
56 - 69 = Medium
70 or higher = High (bad) - digests quickly, makes you feel hungry soon

Question 5

What are the functions of the kidney?

Answer 5

1. Balance the amount of fluid in the body
2. Detect waste in the blood
3. Know when to release vitamins, minerals, and hormones we need to stay alive

Question 6

How many times the body’s 8 litre blood pass through the kidneys?

Answer 6

20-25 times each day, meaning they filter 180 litres every 24 hours

Question 7

How is chronic pain defined?

Answer 7

Pain that lasts for >3 months

Question 8

How is a (large/food) calorie defined?

Answer 8

1 calorie is the energy required to heat 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius.

Question 9

How is a (small) calorie defined?

Answer 9

1 calorie is the energy required to heat 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.

Question 10

What are the types of vaccines?

Answer 10

1. Live-attenuated vaccines
2. Inactivated vaccines
3. Subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide, and conjugate vaccines
4. Toxoid vaccines

Question 11

How is Subunit vaccine made?

Answer 11

It is made from only 1 part of the pathogen, called antigen — the ingredient that actually triggers the immune response.

Question 12

What does the Immune System rely on?

Answer 12

It relies on MILLIONS of WHITE BLOOD CELLS (WBCs), also called Leukocytes.

Question 13

Where do WBCs or Leukocytes originate?

Answer 13

They originate in our BONE MARROW.

Question 14

What is Lymphatic System?

Answer 14

A network of vessels which helps clear bodily toxins and waste.

Question 15

How many Leukocytes are there in our blood?

Answer 15

4000 to 11,000 in every microliter of blood.

Question 16

How are Leukocytes classified?

Answer 16

They are classified in 2 main cellular groups:

1. Phagocyte
2. Lymphocyte

They co-ordinate a 2 pronged attack!