Brain herniation Flashcards
When does brain herniation occur?
occurs when an uncontrolled raised ICP causes brain tissue to shift from its normal position inside the skull.
What can a brain herniation lead to?
This can lead to compression of arteries, nerves or key structures depending on where the herniation occurs within the brain.
Features of uncal herniation?
The temporal lobe herniates posteriorly. It can impinge on the 3rd cranial nerve causing 3rd nerve palsy. Involving features such as a fixed, dilated pupil.
Features of subflacine herniation?
Occurs when one half of the cerebrum herniates across the midline.
It can cause compression of the anterior cerebral artery and lead to motor and/or sensory weakness.
What is a cerebellar tonsillar herniation?
A cerebellar tonsillar herniation occurs when the cerebellum moves inferiorly and compresses the medulla which can lead to respiratory distress and death.
Location of a central herniation in the brain?
A central herniation occurs when the central part of the brain is inferiorly compressed towards the brainstem.
What is a transcalverial herniation?
A transcalverial herniation is where there is a defect within the skull and a part of the brain herniates out through that opening.
