Brain Development Flashcards
1
Q
Neurogenesis
A
- Cells divide through mitosis and form the ventricular zone
2
Q
Cell migration
A
- Cells move from the ventricular zone to establish distinct nerve cell populations
3
Q
Cell differentiation
A
- Cells express particular genes and become distinctive neurons or glial cells
4
Q
Synaptogenesis
A
- Synaptic connections are established
5
Q
Neuronal cell death
A
- Many nerve cells undergo cell death (apoptosis)
6
Q
Synapse rearrangement
A
- Synapses are remodeled and fine-tuned (new synapses, synaptic pruning, myelination)
7
Q
Genotype
A
GENES.
Fixed at birth
8
Q
Phenotype
A
Gene expression, changes throughout life
9
Q
Regulator genes
A
Control continuous switching on and off of genes/display of genes
Are impacted by your experiences
10
Q
Nature vs. Nurture
A
BOTH
each acts on the other
11
Q
Epigenome
A
Record of chemical changes to the genome
Influences gene expression, and in turn, protein synthesis
Individual has continuously developing epigenome
12
Q
“Ontogeny ______ Phylogeny”
A
Recapitulates
(Development of individual repeats/mimicks development of humans across evolution)
Basic survival functions first, higher-order functions last
