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Microanatomy > Brain and Spinal Cord (ANS) > Flashcards

Brain and Spinal Cord (ANS) Flashcards

1
Q

what cells produce CSF?

A

ependymal

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2
Q

what type of neurons are in the dorsal root ganglion?

A

pseudounipolar, sensory

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3
Q

what are the largest neurons in the ventral grey horn?

A

multipolar

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4
Q

blockage of the lateral aperture causes dilation of what?

A

ventricles

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5
Q

sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies are located in:

A

the lateral grey horn

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6
Q

grey matter is in what location in the brain and spinal cord?

A

brain: peripheral

spinal cord: central

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7
Q

white matter is in what location in the brain and spinal cord?

A

brain: central

spinal cord: peripheral

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8
Q

what surround the brain, brainstem and spinal cord?

A

meninges

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9
Q

what are the meninges?

A

dura mater
arachnoid
pia mater

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10
Q

what are the fluid-filled spaces that communicate with the central canal, and with the subarachnoid space?

A

ventricles

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11
Q

is there an epidural space in cranial cavity?

A

no

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12
Q

what makes up grey mater of the spinal cord

A
  1. nerve cell bodies
  2. fibers (mostly unmyelinated)
  3. glial cells
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13
Q

what is the felt-like background of the grey matter?

A

neuropil

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14
Q

what is neuropil composed of?

A

glial process and unmyelinated nerve processes

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15
Q

what types of neurons are in the dorsal and later grey horns?

A

autonomic

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16
Q

what kind of neurons are in the ventral grey horn?

A

alpha neurons

17
Q

what is white matter in the spinal cord made of?

A
  1. mostly myelinated fibers

2. glia

18
Q

what cells are in the perivascular space responsible for formation and maintenance of vessel basement membrane as well as phagocytosis after injury?

A

pericytes

19
Q

what cell processes form a sheath around CNS vessels?

A

astrocyte

20
Q

what forms the blood brain barrier?

A

tight junctions between endothelial cells

21
Q

are the capillaries fenestrated in the choroid plexus?

A

yes

22
Q

are the capillaries in the blood brain barrier fenestrated?

A

no

23
Q

what causes hydrocephalus?

A

defective drainage or absorption of CSF

24
Q

how is the grey matter in the brain stem arranged?

A

nuclei

25
Q

what is a collection of cell bodies within the brain stem , and deep within the cerebrum and cerebellum?

A

nuclei

26
Q

what part of the brain coordinates motor activity?

A

cerebellum

27
Q

what are the zones of cortical grey matter in the cerebellum?

A
  1. molecular (most superficial)
  2. purkinje
  3. granular
28
Q

layers of the cerebral cortical grey matter

A
  1. molecular layer
  2. small pyramidal
  3. large pyramidal
  4. polymorphic
29
Q

the visceral part of the AND is important for what?

A

homeostasis

30
Q

the efferent side of the ANS is a ‘how many’ - neuron system?

A

2-neuron system

  1. first neuron is preganglionic located in the CNS
  2. second is postganglionic located in a peripheral ganglion
31
Q

two divisions of the ANS

A

sympathetic (thoracolumbar) and parasympathetic (craniosacral)

32
Q

sympathetic pre/post ganglionic NTs

A

pre: acetylcholine
post: norepinephrine

33
Q

parasympathetic pre/post ganglionic NTs

A

both are acetylcholine

34
Q

where are the ganglia for parasympathetic nerves

A

in or near the organ

35
Q

what is referred to as the “second brain of the gut?”

A

enteric nervous system

36
Q

what is involuntary activity resulting from the linkage of the afferent to efferent systems?

A

reflex arc

37
Q

afferent neurons

A
  1. sensory

2. carry info toward CNS

38
Q

efferent neurons

A
  1. motor

2. carry info away from the CNS

Microanatomy (4 decks)

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