Brain Flashcards
Frontal lobe
Rostral = front
Last part of the brain to develop
Superior frontal, orbital, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus
Parietal lobe
Dorsal = top (think of a dorsal fin)
Supra marginal gyrus, angular gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, inferior parietal gyrus, post central and wernicke’s area
Occipital lobe
Cautal = back ( think of cautal fin)
Visual, movement, colors
Temporal lobe
Ventral = under
Superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, wernicke’s area
Cerebellum
Below the temporal and orbital lobe. First part of brain effected by alcohol. Motor functions turn off but frontal lobe says you are okay because frontal lobe is not effected yet
Superior frontal gyrus
Frontal lobe
- working memory, 8-10 bits of info in 30 seconds. This is why # numbers are 9 #
- executive processing - takes info and processes it
- focusing, starting and stopping
- special orientation
Orbital gyrus
Frontal lobe
- nucleus accumbens - reward is dopamine
Middle frontal gyrus
Frontal lobe
- determines whether to do something or not, go/not go
- where to do something, when to do it, where to do it
Inferior frontal gyrus
Frontal lobe
- response inhibitions - suppression of actions that are inappropriate in given context
- attention and focus
- salient info : what is important
- ADDICTION
Supra marginal gyrus
Parietal lobe
- visual word recognition (letterbox region)
- landmark locations
- only in left hemisphere
Angular gyrus
Parietal lobe
- math functions
- complex language ( EX: Spanish to English )
Superior parietal lobe
Parietal lobe
Understanding space orientation
Inferior parietal lobe
Parietal lobe
Somatosensory cortex
Parietal lobe
Sense of touch
Primary visual cortex
Occipital lobe
- color discrimination, movement, visual recognition, visual attention, visual analysis
Superior temporal gyrus
Temporal lobe
Auditory processing
Middle temporal gyrus
Temporal lobe
Long term memory
Inferior temporal gyrus
Temporal lobe
Number recognition, facial recognition
Sulcus
Diving lines between loves
Central sulcus divides frontal and parietal lobe
Lateral sulcus divides parietal and temporal lobe
Wernicke’s area
Temporal and parietal lobe. Left hemisphere
Understands language
Central fissure
Divides right and left hemisphere
Both hemisphere of the brain work together. What does this mean?
You need one part of brain to function with other side. EX: right hand of the body is controlled by left side of the brain.
Broca
Frontal lobe
Responsible for producing language
Fusiform gyrus
Located in the temporal gyrus
Facial recognition
Left hemisphere of the brain
Broca controls talking
Wernicke controls listening
3 parts of neuron
- oligodendrocytes / Schwann cell
- astrocytes
- microglial
Oligodendrocytes / Schwann cell
Makes neurons work longer and faster by producing myelin
Nodes of ranvier
Found between myelin and action potential happens here
Action potential
Sodium / potassium pump
Sodium goes in while potassium goes out. Potassium goes in while sodium goes out
Astrocytes
Connect neurons and capillaries. Allow blood to flow
Microglial cells
Eat dead neurons and process them away
How many neurons on average does an adult brain have?
100 billion
How do excess neurotransmitters get back into terminal bud?
Reuptake
