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Health Care > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

0
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest part of the brain
Divided into hemispheres (divided into 4 lobes)
Connected by CORPUS CALLOSUM

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1
Q

4 lobes of brain

A

Frontal
Occipital
Parietal
Temporal

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2
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Thick band of nerve fibres

Aids motor coordination of left and right side

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3
Q

Left side of brain

A

Logical

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4
Q

Right side of the brain

A

Creative

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5
Q

Frontal lobe

A 
Planning 
Organizing 
Problem solving 
Personality 
Reasoning & intuition 
Behaviour & emotions
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6
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual processing
Colour recognition
Vision recognition

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7
Q

Parietal lobe

A 
Cognition 
Information processing 
Pain & touch sensations 
Spatal orientation 
Speech & visual perception
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8
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Emotional responses
Hearing/speech
Indifferiating smells and sounds
INFORMATION SORTING - Short term & long term

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9
Q

Hippocampus & amygdala involved with…

A

Memory

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10
Q

Meninges

A

Membranes that protect brain & spinal cord

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11
Q

3 layers of meninges

A

Dura
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

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12
Q

Dura

A

Toughest outer layer

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13
Q

Arachnoid mater

A

Middle layer; looks like a spider web

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14
Q

Pia mater

A

Inner layer; delicate, directly on top of brain and spinal cord

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15
Q

Fluid in spinal cord…

A

Cerebrospinal fluid flow

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16
Q

Cerebellum

A

Inferior to occipital lobe
Posterior to the pons and medulla oblongata
Regulates muscle movement, balance and co-ordination

17
Q

Medulla oblongata

A 
Inferior part of brain stem 
Contains vital reflexes 
Cardiovascular centre 
Force & heart rate 
Regulates BP 
Controls diaphragm 
Ex, hiccuping, swallowing, sneezing
18
Q

Pons

A

bridge between the cerebrum & the cerebellum

19
Q

Nerves

A

Bundle of neurons

20
Q

Electrical impulses… (What they do)

A

Travel back & forth from the PNS to CNS, and then back to the PNS through bundles of neurons (nerves)

21
Q

Nerve message CYCLE

A
  1. Dendrites
  2. Cell body
  3. Axon (electrical impulse)
  4. Synaptic terminal
  5. Vesicles (PRESYNAPTIC)
  6. Neuro transmitters
  7. Synaptic cleft (picked up by dendrites, cycle repeats)
22
Q

Synapse

A

Movement of neurotransmitters from synaptic terminal of one neuron to the dendrites of another neuron

23
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Acetylcholine
Monoamines
Serotonin
Endorphins

24
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Stimulates muscle contraction

25
Q

Monoamines

A

Norepinephrine & dopamine; sense of good feeling; low levels = depression

26
Q

Serotonin

A

Sleepiness, depression

27
Q

Endorphins

A

Reduce pain by inhibit receptors

28
Q

For a synapse to occur you need to have a…

A

Pre-synaptic cell & post-synaptic cell

29
Q

Interneurons

A

Neurons in the CNS

30
Q

Divisions of PNS

A 
Sensory nerves (AFFERENT) 
Motor nerves (EFFERENT)
31
Q

Afferent

A

Stimuli both internal (stretch receptors) & external (integumentary receptors)

32
Q

Messiner corpusle

A

Touch

33
Q

Pacinian corpusle

A

Pressure

34
Q

Nociceptor

A

Pain

35
Q

Thermoreceptor

A

Heat

36
Q

Efferent

A

Response to effectors

2 functional divisions: SOMATIC & AUTONOMIC

37
Q

Somatic

A

Skeletal muscle

38
Q

Autonomic

A

Cardiac & smooth muscles

Glands

39
Q

Sympathetic

A
  • Increase HR, RR, BP, BS
  • decrease blood blow (digestive)
  • adrenaline (released from adrenal glands)
  • pupils dilate
  • increase blood flow to muscles
  • senses heighten
  • release of glucagon (stimulates liver to release glucose increases BS)
40
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Homeostasis: calming

  • increase blood flow (DIGESTIVE)
  • adrenals stop releasing adrenaline
  • release of glycogen; stimulates liver to store BS
  • decreases HR, RR, BP

Health Care (6 decks)

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