Brain Flashcards
CNS
Brain and spinal cord, which act as coordinating centres
Meninges
Surround the brain and act as a layer of protection. Includes the dura matter, arachnoid matter, and pia matter.
Cerebrospinal fluid
Acts as a shock absorber and transport medium to relay nutrients to the brain and brings back waste to the blood. (Brain blood barrier)
Spinal cord
Acts as a minor coordinating centre for the PNS through the reflex arc. It contains grey and white matter.
Dorsal root
Bring information from the sensory neurons to the CNS
Ventral Root
Carries motor information from the spinal cord to the effectors.
Hindbrain
Medulla, Pons, Cerebellum
Midbrain
4 spheres of grey matter
Forebrain
Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Cerebrum
Medulla Oblongata
Relay centre for ingoing and outgoing information, which acts a connection between the PNS and CNS. Controls involuntary action by acting as a coordinating centre for the ANS.
Cerebellum
Controls equilibrium/balance, coordination, muscle tone. It organizes, interprets, and integrates
Pons
Acts as a bridge between the midbrain and medulla
Midbrain
Relay centre for some ear and eye reflexes. Allows you to concentrate on specific impulse stimuli and ignore the rest.
Cerebrum
Largest part of the brain, so its is divided into the left and right hemisphere. Major coordinating centre for sensory information and associated motor actions.
Cerebral Cortex
Outer layer consists of grey matter, covers red with deep folds and convolutions
Corpus Collosum
Consists of white matter and connects the left and right hemispheres. It transmits impulses between hemispheres and makes connections.
Thalamus
Sensory relays for impulses from the body to the cerebrum. Affects consciousness and awareness of pain.
Hypothalamus
Hormonal regulation through control of the ANS, controls function of the pituitary gland.
Olfactory bulbs
Located at the bottom of the temporal lobes. Associated with interpreting smell.
Hippocampus
Short-term to long-term memory conversion
Amyglada
Associated with emotions
Frontal lobe
Thinking and movement of voluntary muscles
Parietal lobe
Processing sensory input like temperature, touch, smell, pain. Emotions, interpreting speech
Temporal lobe
hearing
Occipital lobe
vision
Association areas
Found beside the sensory areas. Major function is interpretation of sensations, redirection of impulses to the motor region for action/storage.
Oligodendrocytes
Myelin in the CNS
