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Jason's MD3 Aged Care-Palliative > BPSD > Flashcards

BPSD Flashcards

1
Q

Dementia definition. 3 things

A

Decline in cognitive function
Decline in prev. level of function
Occupational/functional decline

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2
Q

Motor symptoms in dementia to present? 4

A

Physical aggression
Restlessness
Verbal outbursts
Wandering/pacing

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3
Q

BPSD def’n

A

Disturbed perception, thought content, mood, behaviour that occurs in dementia

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4
Q

BPSD, 4 main symptoms

A

Somatic
Behavioural
Affective
Psychotic

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5
Q

Most common symptom of dementia?

A

Apathy

Agitation/aggression
Depression
Irritability

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6
Q

Which dementia has more depression vs. delusions

A

Depression: Vascular
Delusions: Alzheimer’s

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7
Q

What is the unmet need model?

A

unmet bio psychosocial + cognitive impairment = BPSD

Patient centered model.

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8
Q

What genetic risk factor allele show higher risk of delusions, agitation/aggression?

A

ApoE e4

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9
Q

3 common neurotransmitter abnormalities

A

5HT
ACH
GABA

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10
Q

BPSD assessment scales?

A

Cohen-Masnfield Agitation
Inventory
BEHAV-AD
Neurophsychiatric inventory (NPI)

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11
Q

What is A-B-C analysis?

A

Antecedents
Behaviour
Consequences

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12
Q

Meds for BPSD? 4 key types

A

Antidepressants
Anti-psychotics
Cognitive enhancers
Mood stabilizers

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13
Q

SSRIs for BPSD?

A

Citalopram
Mirtazapine

Mainly for AGITATION

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14
Q

What mirtazapine SFx are good for dementia?

A

Appetite
Weight gain
Sedation
No serotonergic syndrome

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15
Q

only licensed Antipsychotic for BPSD?

A

Risperidone

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16
Q

4 Antipsychotics for BPSD?

A

Haloperidol
Risperidone*
Olanzipine
Quetiapine

*only one on PBS

17
Q

Risk of antipsychotics in BPSD, agitation/psychosis

A

Risk of CVA, stroke. More likely if given to someone with aggression but not psychosis

18
Q

NMDA antagonist?

A

Memantine

19
Q

3 Anti cholinesterase inhibitors?

A

Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine

20
Q

Memantine indications 3As

A

Aggression
Agitation
Anxiety

21
Q

Don’t forget about what in BPSD?

A

Analgesia

Aperients

22
Q

Non pharmacological model of BPSD?

A

Minimize triggers - routine, rest periods
Optimize Environment - mobility, lighting, sensory, caregiver edu
De escalation strategies

23
Q

How to optimize environment?

A

EDUCATION for caregivers
Lighting
Mobility
Routine, rest, manage

24
Q

De escalation: 2 things

A

Music therapy

Videos of family members (FaceTime)

Jason's MD3 Aged Care-Palliative (18 decks)

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