BPP Study Manual Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the Council of Europe formed?

A

1949

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2
Q

When did the ECHR come into force?

A

1953

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3
Q

When did the European Coal and Steel Community come into being?

A

1952

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4
Q

When was the treaty establishing the European Economic Community signed? By who?

A
  1. France, Germany, Italy, Benelux
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5
Q

When was Euratom signed?

A
  1. European Atomic Energy Community
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6
Q

When did the EEC and Euratom come into being?

A

1958

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7
Q

When was the EU established? By what?

A

1992 by the Maastricht Treaty (Treaty on European Union)

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8
Q

What were the three ‘pillars’ of the TEU?

A

1) the EC, Euratom, and originally, the ECSC
2) cooperation on a Common Foreign and Security Policy
3) Police and Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters

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9
Q

What removed the three pillars of the EU?

A

The Lisbon Treaty 2010

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10
Q

What are the founding treaties of the EU?

A

ECSC
Euratom Treaty
EC Treaty
TEU

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11
Q

What were the four amending treaties?

A

Merger Treaty 1965
Single European Act 1986
Treaty of Amsterdam 1997
Treaty of Nice 2001

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12
Q

What were the main achievements of the Lisbon treaty?

A
  • merge the three pillars of the EU into a single, simpler structure
  • replace the many older treaties with one consolidated treaty
  • create the European Council
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13
Q

What are the two parts of the Treaty of Lisbon?

A

The Treaty of European Union (TOTEU)

The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFUE)

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14
Q

What authority provides for the creation of EU regulations, directives and decisions?

A

Article 288 (TFUE)

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15
Q

How are EU regulations cited?

A

by number and the year of its adoption:

Regulation 2/1999

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16
Q

How are EU directives cited?

A

by year of adoption and then by number:

Directive 99/2

17
Q

How are EU decisions cited?

A

as with directives, by year then number:
Decision 87/500
(though sometimes by the names of the parties to the decision or by subject matter)