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Q2 Physio test 3 > BP Regulation I, II > Flashcards

BP Regulation I, II Flashcards

1
Q

Baroreceptors are?

A

mechanoreceptors that respond to passive stretch w/ a generator potential

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2
Q

Baroreceptor reflex is?

A

rapid, neg feedback pathway,

controls mean arterial pressure (Pa) around a setpoint for Pa

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3
Q

Baroreceptor reflex follows what type of NS pathway?

A

afferent (toward CNS)

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4
Q

Baroreceptor reflex sends signals from aortic baroreceptors to brain via what CN?

A

CN X (vagus)

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5
Q

Baroreceptor reflex sends signals from carotid sinus baroreceptors to brain via what CN?

A

CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

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6
Q

Baroreceptor reflex mechanism?

A

Setpoint Pa compared to actual Pa,
feedback signal proportional to difference,
brain responds until difference = 0

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7
Q

Interruption in efferent branch of baroreceptor reflex results in what?

A

↓ Pa

which indicates ↑ resting symp tone and basal (resting) activity of C1, A1 vasomotor area of medulla

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8
Q

Valsalva Maneuver?

A

“pop your ears”
causes ↓ Pa ->
kicks off baroreceptor reflex

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9
Q

Glomus cells play what role in control of Pa?

A

respond to ↓ in Po2 and pH or ↑ Pco2 with APs

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10
Q

Baroreceptor setpoint resets if what?

A

long term ∆s in Pa

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11
Q

Glomus cells are?

A

chemsensitive cells in aortic arch and carotid bodies

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12
Q

Primary action of aortic/carotid chemoreceptors and central chemoreceptors working together under normal circumstances is?

A

enhancement of respiratory ventilation

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13
Q

How does enhanced respiratory ventilation cause increased heart rate?

A

↑ resp ventilation ->
↓ Pco2 ->
inhibit cardioinhibitory center ->
↑ HR

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14
Q

Glomus cells APs travel where?

Result in?

A

up CN IX and X to NTS of medulla

vasoconstriction (↓ HR)

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15
Q

Overall response to ↓ Po2
or ↓ pH
or ↑ Pco2
is what?

A

reflex tachycardia

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16
Q

2 types of Low Pressure Atrial Receptors?

A

A Fibers

B Fibers

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17
Q

A Fibers found where?

A

entry to R atrium

18
Q

A Fibers do what?

A

signal pressure ↑ associated w/ atrial contraction

19
Q

B Fibers found where?

A

superior and inferior vena cavae

20
Q

B Fibers do what?

A

signal pressure ↑ associated w/ vent contraction

21
Q

↑ pressure in vena cavae indicates what?

Produces what?

A

↑ venous return to R heart

reflex ↑ HR,
renal vasodilation,
↓ in AVP (antidiuretic hormone)

22
Q

What is Brainbridge Reflex?

A

reflexive ↑ in HR

23
Q

Purpose of renal vasodilation?

A

↑ renal bloodflow and urine output

causing ↓ circulating volume

24
Q

Purpose of reducing AVP release?

A

↓ AVP = ↓ H2O reabsorption from kidney

causing ↓ circulating volume

25
Q

Summary: when high pressure baroreceptors (arterial side) sense ↑P, reflex response does what?

A

↓ BP

26
Q

Summary: when low pressure receptors (venous side) sense ↑P, reflex response does what?

A

↓ blood volume

27
Q

Compliance eqn

A

C = V/P

typically, ↓ V means ↓ P and ↑ V means ↑ P

28
Q

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) promotes what?

A

Na+ and H2O excretion in kidney ->

reduces effective circulating volume

29
Q

↑ venous return causes ↑ what?

A

atrial stretch

30
Q

↑ atrial stretch affects release of ANP how?

A

↑ release of ANP

31
Q

Summary:
High Pressure Baroreceptors’ primary output variable is?

Control what end of circulation?

Type of control?

A

Pa (mean arterial pressure)

arterial end

short term control

32
Q

Renin-Angiotensin System for interm/long term BP control fxns primarily by regulating what?

A

effective circulating volume

33
Q

Summary:

Chemoreceptor Integrated Response involves control of what?

A

ventilation and secondary effects on HR

34
Q

Summary:
Low Pressure Receptors response is to do what?

Controls what end of circulation?

Output Variable is?

A

↑ HR (thru Bainbridge reflex)

venous end

↑ in effective circulating volume

35
Q

Summary:
Renin-Angiotensin activated by?

Controls what end of circulation?

Primary output variable is?

A

Sympathetic NS

renal perfusion

effective circulating volume

36
Q

Pa eqn

A

CO x TPR

TPR = total peripheral resistance

37
Q

Which receptors are more sensitive to pressure changes, aortic or carotid sinus?

A

carotid sinus

Ѧ ∆ in carotid sinus P causes > compensatory effect on Pa than a ∆ in aortic pressure

38
Q

5 kinds of Vasoconstrictors?

A

1) Epi (α1)
2) Serotonin
3) Ang II
4) AVP
5) Endothelin

39
Q

5 kinds of Vasodilators?

A

1) Epi (β2)
2) Histamine
3) ANP
4) Bradykinins
5) PGE2, PGI2, NO

40
Q

Flow charts to review in lecture

A

slide 14 and 15

Q2 Physio test 3 (8 decks)

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