BP Regulation

Question 1

Baroreceptor complex sends BP signals to What area of the brain?

Answer 1

NTS (in medulla)

Question 2

CN IX will receive input from which region of the baroreceptor complex?

Answer 2

carotid sinus

Question 3

CN X receives input from which region of the baroreceptor complex?

Answer 3

aortic arch

Question 4

Increased intrathoracic pressure can stimulate baroreceptor complex to decrease CO & HR; what is the maneuver called and what is its main clinical use?

Answer 4

Valsalva maneuver; used to reverse supraventricular tachycardia

Question 5

Carotid massage can be used to treat carotid sinus hypersensitivity syndrome. What is the efferent response to reduce HR?

Answer 5

increased AV Node refractory period

Question 6

What physiological imbalances can be sensed by chemoreceptors in the baroreceptor complexes?

Answer 6

Increase in CO2; decrease in O2; decrease in pH

Question 7

What causes the cushing reflex to be activated & what triad of symptoms will the cushing reflex cause?

Answer 7

Increased Intracranial Pressure activates the cushing reflex; Cushing’s triad: HTN, Bradycardia, & respiratory depression

Question 8

How does the CNS respond to ischemia?

Answer 8

Activates the Cushing REflex; Nervous tissue is not getting enough oxygen, so sympathetics will be activated to increase CBF & BP; the raise in BP will activated the baroreceptor complexes to decrease HR

Question 9

What is the main role of the bainbridge reflex?

Answer 9

regulate blood volume to maintain homeostasis

Question 10

how will the atrial reflex b-fibers respond to increased venous return to the heart?

Answer 10

atrial stretch receptors will activate and send signals to the NTS to increase sympathetic tone

Question 11

what hormone do atrial cardiomyocytes secrete in response to atrial stretch?

Answer 11

ANP

Question 12

How does ANP promote diuresis?

Answer 12

dilates afferent arteriole & constricts efferent arteriole; this will increase GFR

Question 13

Will the baroreceptor firing rate be higher or lower for cases of hypotension?

Answer 13

lower

Question 14

what effect will a drop in MAP on renal perfusion pressure?

Answer 14

RPP will be decreased

Question 15

there are specialized cells in the glomerulus that can sense a decrease in RPP. what are these cells called and what do they do?

Answer 15

JG cells stimulate renin secretion into the blood stream

Question 16

What systems are going to be activated when you lose a lot of blood?

Answer 16

Loosing blood means your loosing Blood volume; this is going to activate baroreceptors complexes to increase sympathetic tone; this will also activate RAAS; ADH secretion will also be stimulated

Question 17

ANGII causes vasoconstriction of both the afferent & efferent arterioles. How will this affect GFR?

Answer 17

GFR will decrease