Bowel Elimination Flashcards
defecation
: process of elimination of waste
Feces
semisolid mass of fiber, undigested food, inorganic material, etc.
what is the process of bowel elimination
Fecal material reaches rectum
Stretch receptors initiate contraction of sigmoid colon/rectal muscles
Internal anal sphincter relaxes
Sensory impulses cause voluntary “bearing down”
External sphincter relaxes
what are the factors affecting bowel elimination
Developmental stage Personal factors Sociocultural factors Nutrition/hydration Medications Procedures Pregnancy Pathological conditions Bowel diversions
How many ounces of water should you take in a day for healthy defecation
6-8 ounces of water a day
what are bowel diversions
Ileostomy
Colostomy
what are some common diagnostic tests
Direct visualization
*Colonoscopy
*Sigmoidoscopy
Radiographic views
*Flat plate of the abdomenileostomy
a surgical opening constructed by bringing the end or loop of small intestine (the ileum) out onto the surface of the skin
colostomy
a surgical procedure in which a stoma is formed by drawing the healthy end of the large intestine or colon through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall
colonoscopy
a test that allows your doctor to look at the interior lining of your large intestine (rectum and colon)
sigmoidoscopy
a procedure used to see inside the sigmoid colon and rectum.
what are the different studies of feces
Stool for occult blood
Stool for fecal fat
Stool for ova and parasites
how do you promote regular defecation
Encourage fluids Proper diet Fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fiber Exercise 3–5 times a week Range of motion for clients on bedrest
what are some common alterations in defecation
Diarrhea
Constipation
Fecal impaction
Bowel diversions
what is the BRAT diet
controls diarrhea ….bananas, Rice, Apples, Toast
