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NCLEX > Bowel Disorder Drugs > Flashcards

Bowel Disorder Drugs Flashcards

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0
Q

Docusate (Colace)

Chemical Classification

A

Anionic Surfactant

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1
Q

Docusate (Colace)

Functional Classification

A

Laxative, emollient; stool softener

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2
Q

Docusate (Colace)

Mechanism of Action

A

Increases water, fat penetration in intestine; allows for easier passage of stool

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3
Q

Docusate (Colace)

Uses

A

Prevention of dry, hard stools

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4
Q

Docusate (Colace)

Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, obstruction, fecal impaction, nausea/vomiting

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5
Q

Docusate (Colace)

Side Effects

A

EENT: bitter taste, throat irritation
GI: nausea, anorexia, cramps, diarrhea
INTEG: rash

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6
Q

Docusate (Colace)

Nursing Considerations

A

ASSESS:

  • CAUSE OF CONSTIPATION; identify whether fluids, bulk, or exercise missing from lifestyle; constipating products
  • Cramping, rectal bleeding, nausea, vomiting; if these occur, product should be discontinued
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7
Q

Glycerin

Functional Classification

A

Laxative, hyperosmotic

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8
Q

Glycerin

Uses

A

Constipation

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9
Q

Glycerin

Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity

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10
Q

Lactulose

Functional Classification

A

Laxative; ammonia detoxicant (hyperosmotic)

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11
Q

Lactulose

Chemical Classification

A

Lactose synthetic derivative

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12
Q

Lactulose

Mechanism of Action

A

Prevents absorption of ammonia in colon by acidifying stool; increases water, softens stool

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13
Q

Lactulose

Uses

A

Chronic constipation, portal-systemic encephalopathy in patients with hepatic disease

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14
Q

Lactulose

Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, low-galactose diet

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15
Q

Lactulose

Side Effects

A

GI: Nausea, Vomiting, Anorexia, Abdominal Cramps, diarrhea, flatulence, distention, belching
META: hypernatremia

16
Q

Lactulose

Nursing Considerations

A

ASSESS:

  • STOOL: amount, color, consistency
  • CAUSE OF CONSTIPATION; determine whether fluids, bulk, or exercise is missing from lifestyle; use of constipating products
  • HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY: blood ammonia level (30-70mg/100ml); may decrease ammonia level by 25%-50%; clearing of confusion, lethargy, restlessness, irritability if portal-systemic encephalopathy
  • Blood, urine electrolytes if product used often; may cause diarrhea, hypokalemia, hyponatremia
  • I&O ratio to identify fluid loss
  • Cramping, rectal bleeding, nausea, vomiting; if these symptoms occur, product should be discontinued
17
Q

Loperamide (Imodium)

Functional Classification

A

Antidiarrheal

18
Q

Loperamide (Imodium)

Chemical Classification

A

Piperidine derivative

19
Q

Loperamide (Imodium)

Mechanism of Action

A

Direct action on intestinal muscles to decrease GI peristalsis; reduces volume, increases bulk; electrolytes not lost

20
Q

Loperamide (Imodium)

Uses

A

Diarrhea (cause undetermined), travelers’ diarrhea, chronic diarrhea, to decrease amount of ileostomy discharge

21
Q

Loperamide (Imodium)

Contraindications

A

Hyper-sensitivity, pseudomembranous colitis, constipation, dysentery, GI bleeding/obstruction/perforation, ileus, vomiting

22
Q

Loperamide (Imodium)

Side Effects

A

CNS: dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue
GI: Nausea, Dry Mouth, Vomiting, Constipation, abdominal pain, anorexia, TOXIC MEGACOLON, bacterial enterocolitis, flatulence
INTEG: rash
MISC: hyperglycemia
SYST: ANAPHYLAXIS, ANGIOEDEMA, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS

23
Q

Loperamide (Imodium)

Nursing Considerations

A

ASSESS:

  • STOOLS: volume, color, characteristics, frequency; bowel pattern before product; rebound constipation
  • Electrolytes (K, Na, Cl) if receiving long-term therapy
  • Skin turgor q8hr if dehydration is suspected; fluid replacement
  • Response after 48hr; if no response, product should be discontinued
  • Dehydration, CNS problems in children, those with hepatic disease
  • Abdominal distention, toxic megacolon; may occur with ulcerative colitis
24
Q

Psyllium

Functional Classification

A

Bulk laxative

25
Q

Psyllium

Chemical Classification

A

Psyllium colloid

26
Q

Psyllium

Mechanism of Action

A

Bulk-forming laxative

27
Q

Psyllium

Uses

A

Chronic constipation, ulcerative colitis

28
Q

Psyllium

Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, intestinal obstruction, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fecal impaction

29
Q

Psyllium

Side Effects

A

GI: Nausea, Vomiting, Anorexia, Diarrhea, cramps, intestinal esophageal blockage

30
Q

Psyllium

Nursing Considerations

A

ASSESS:

  • Blood, urine electrolytes if used often
  • I&O ratio to identify fluid loss
  • CONSTIPATION: cause of constipation; fluids, bulk, exercise missing; bowel sounds, distention, usual bowel function; color, consistency, amount
  • Cramping, rectal bleeding, nausea, vomiting; product should be discontinued

NCLEX (40 decks)

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