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Nursing 130 > Bowel/Bladder > Flashcards

Bowel/Bladder Flashcards

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0
Q

Constipation

A

Symptom not a disease. Intestinal motility slows, fecal masses become exposed and most of the fecal water is absorbed causing a hard mass and a painful defecation

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1
Q

Cathartic

A

Softens the stool, harsher then a laxative

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2
Q

Diarrhea

A

Liquified stool, intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. As a result feces become watery and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate

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3
Q

Endoscopy

A

Testing that requires visualization of the GI tract

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4
Q

Enema

A

Promote defecation by stimulating the peristalsis

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5
Q

Paralytic ileus

A

Any surgery that involves direct manipulation of the bowels that temporarily stops peristalsis

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6
Q

Micturition

A

Process of urination

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7
Q

Meatus

A

Opening that allows urine to flow out

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8
Q

Nocturia

A

Frequent urination at night

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9
Q

Overflow incontinence

A

Occurs when a bladders overly full and bladder pressure exceeds sphincters pressure, often resulting in involuntary leakage of urine

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10
Q

Reflex incontinence

A

This condition causes loss of voluntary control of urination; but the
micturition reflex pathway often remains intact, allowing urination to occur without sensation or the need to avoid

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11
Q

Residual incontinence

A

Referred to as post void residual. Volume of urine remaining in the bladder after a normal voiding.

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12
Q

Specific gravity

A

The weight or degree of concentration of a substance compared with an equal volume of water

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13
Q

Stress incontinence

A

Involuntary leakage of urine during increased abdominal pressure in the absence of bladder muscle contraction

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14
Q

Urge incontinence

A

Urge to urinate

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15
Q

Urgency

A

Strong desire to urinate

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16
Q

Normal bowel sounds

A

High pitched, irregular, gurgling noises. Occur every 5-20 seconds in all quadrants

17
Q

Hyperactive bowel sounds

A

Low, gurgling, Rushed sounds that are also called borborygmi.. Sounds may occur in one, several or all of the quads.

18
Q

Hypoactive bowel sounds

A

Soft, low and widely separated so only one or two may be heard over two minutes. These sounds may occur in one or several or all of the quadrants.

19
Q

Absent bowel sounds

A

If no sounds in a quadrant are heard for 3 to 5 minutes, bowel sounds are considered to be absent in one, several or all the quadrants.

20
Q

Types of enemas

A

Cleansing, oil retention, tap water, soap suds, normal saline

21
Q

Cleansing enema

A

Promotes complete evacuation of feces from the colon

22
Q

Oil retention enema

A

Lubricates the colon, the feces absorb the oil making it softer and easier to pass

23
Q

Glycosuria

A

Sugar in urine

24
Q

Stoma

A

Temporary or permanent, artificial opening in the abdominal wall

25
Q

Ileostomy

A

Surgical openings are created in the ileum

26
Q

Fecal incontinence

A

Inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus

27
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in urine

28
Q

Proteinuria

A

Protein/albumin in urine

29
Q

Pyuria

A

Pus in urine

30
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful/ burning when urinating

31
Q

Hesitancy

A

Delay in urinating even though the feeling to urinate is there

32
Q

Frequency

A

Urinating often in small amounts

33
Q

Enuresis

A

Bed wetting in children after voluntary control should have been achieved (5years or older)

34
Q

Colostomy

A

Surgical opening in the colon

35
Q

Normal saline enema

A

Safest solution for an enema. Same osmotic pressure as fluids in interstitial spaces surrounding the bowels

36
Q

Nephron

A

Functional unit of the kidney, forms the urine

37
Q

Renal calculus

A

Kidney stones

38
Q

Over active bladder (OAB)

A

Results from sudden, involuntary contraction of the muscles of the bladder

39
Q

Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

A

Or Guaiac test. Measures microscopic amounts of blood in feces

Nursing 130 (14 decks)

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