Bovine Digestive Flashcards
Ptyalism is a sign for what?
oral dz, choke, rumen and abomasa problems, toxicities
Wooden tongue is caused by?
Actinobacillus ligniersi
dx of wooden tongue
sulfur granules in pus
tx of wooden tongue
iodine IV, or derided, tetracycline
Lumpy jaw is caused by
actinomyces bovis
dx of lumpy jaw
sulfur granules with branching orgnism
T/F sheep are more affected by Bluetongue
true
T/F bovine infection of blue tongue is always clinical
F, usually just carriers
Cs of bluetongue
hyperemia of mm, skin, coronary band, udder, fever, stiffness, lameness
dx of bluetongue
ELISA
transmission of foot and mouth
contact and airborne
CS of foot and mouth
fever, vesicles on tongue, coronary band, interdigital space
T/F vesicular stomatitis affects horses and pigs
true, foot and mouth doesn’t
what is different about the vesicles of vesicular stomatitis
contain clear or yellow fluid
tx for bovine papular stomatitis
none
acute signs of BVD
thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage, high fever, anorexia, depression, death, abortions
when is cow infected for PI to occur
infection if fetus is infected before immune 90-120
congenital defects occur with BVDV when
infected 120-180 days
when do you see mucosal disease with PI BVDV
if infected with cytopathic strain
tx of BVDV
test and cull, ELISA best
T/F malignant catarrhal fever can be spread by fomites
false
CS of MCF
high fever and severe panophthalmitis, usually just one case
what is the first concern with bloat
relief - pass tube
another name for scotch test
withers depression - pain response
most common signs of all cattle diseases
luminal stasis and anorexia
what does food in the reticulum stimulate
animal to eat, regard, or show more…if too much then have neg effect
what in abomasum has + effect on rumen motility
high acid
primary cycle and secondary cycle of rumen
mixing and eructation
what is bloat
distention of rumen with gas, failure of eructation - not due to excess gas production
causes of bloat
failure of cardia to relax, failure of reticule-ruminal muscular contraction
frothy - legume and high concentrate
free - obstruction
tx of bloat
Polaxalene as a surfactant, remove obstruction, stomach tube or cannula
what happens without vagal input
ruminal hypomotility
where do vagal branches go
dorsal - rumen, other stomachs
ventral - reticulum, omasum, abomasums
sequela of hardware disease
acute/chronic peritonitis, hernia, pericarditis
CS of hardware disease
abdominal pain, triceps trembling, , left shift with neutrophilia, muffled heart sounds
when do you give a cow a magnet
if doesn’t have one, if suspected case or before 1st calving
what is vagus indigestion characterized by?
bloat, rumen distention
Most common form of natural vagal indigestion
anterior functional stenosis - see rumen hypermotility
what do you see with posterior functional stenosis?
distention of rumen and abomasums, chloride sequestered
T/F motility disturbances are usually from microbial activity
false from luminal feed changes
normal pH of rumen
5.5-7.0
normal chloride
most common cause of rumen microbe inactivity
secondary anorexia
most common form of indigestion
simple - from abrupt diet change, don’t need to treat but can give Mg
why do you see a decrease in luminal pH with acute RA
increase of Strep and Lacotbacillus
why do you give abs in the case of acute RA
to prevent endotoxins from reaching liver
C perfringen A is associated with what
hemorrhage GI, rumen acidosis, high production
C perfringen C is associated with what
hemorrhagic enteritis in calves, , limited water access
C perfringen D is associated with what
catarrhal enteritis in feedlot cattle, die, posterior paralysis
what kind of C perfringen is there a vx for
A, C, D
CS related to peritonitis
arched back, grunt, fever, bloat, stovepipe rectum
liver flukes cause what
edema, anemia, icterus
tx liver flukes w/
clorsulon, albendazole
see C hemolytic D in what kind of cattle
fluke infested w/ wine colored urine
C novyi causes what
black disease, irrigated pastures
T/F see bloody D with salmonella
True
what kind of calves does clostridium affect
the healthy
what causes diarrhea in young calves
rotavirus and e coli
villous atrophy leads to what
malapsorption
enterotoxins cause what by crypts
hypersecretion
therapy in calf with D includes
withhold milk for 24 hours, oral glucose, don’t give are same time, increase resistance with vx of dam or newborn
T/F coccidiosis has high degree of host specificity
true, caused by Eimeria
when do you coccidiosis?
in calves less than 6 months of age
CS of coccidiosis
D with frank blood, anemia
tx of coccidiosis
amprolium, decoquinate, rumensin
how is john’s usually introduced to a herd
via a carrier animal
how to protect calves from johne’s
raise away from adults with good hubandry
best test for JOhne’s
fecal culture or ELISA
most common form of salmonellosis in newborns
peracute
one way acute salmonellosis ends
recover and become chronic carrier
most important aspect of prevention of salmonellosis
sanitation
CS of winter dysentery
no fever, good appetite, D, herd problem, milk production severely depressed
factors contributing to LDA
pregnancy, lack of exercise, reclining on right side, dairy cattle, milk fever, older cow
what kind of diet predisposes to LDA
too much concentrate, not enough fiber
CS of LDA
want roughages or off feed, decreased milk, m alkalosis
tx of LDA
roll cow from right side
T/F volvulus is associated with RDA
true - more severe
T/F abomasa ulcers affect the growth of veal calves
false
