Bovine Flashcards
three locations for venous blood sampling in bovine
jugular
coccygeal
sq abdominal vein (milk vein)
another name for the sq abdominal vein
milk vein
how should the head be held for jugular blood draws in bovine
extended and slightly away
what gauge needle should be used for bovine jugular draws
(Large gauge)
16-18 gauge
what gauge needle should be used for coccygeal blood draws
18-20 gauge (small than jugular)
how long do you hold the site of a coccygeal blood draw and why
15 seconds
for hematoma
when should the milk vein (sq abdominal vein) be used for blood draws
as a last resort - frequent hematomas and prolonged bleeding
arterial blood draws are ______ done in bovine
rarely
where could arterial blood draws be done in bovine
auricular (ear)
leg arteries
where is abdominocentesis done in cattle and why
right of midline
to avoid the rumen
what length needle should be used for bovine abdominocentesis
1 1/2” to 3” needle
In 🐄 🐮 🐄
two ways to collect rumen fluid
orogastric tube
rumenocentesis
In 🐄 🐮
location for rumenocentesis
left and caudal to xyphoid process
two ways to do urine collection on FEMALE bovine
voided
catheter
stroking the skin beneath the vulva until urination happens
titillating the perineum
what can prevent the passage of a catheter in female bovine
Suburethral Diverticulum (blind sac in urethra)
why is it near impossible to catheterize a male bovine
sigmoid flexure
two ways to do cerebrospinal fluid sampling in bovine
Atlantooccipital
Lumbosaccral
what must be consulted before medicating bovine
FARAD
what does FARAD stand for
food animal residue avoidance databank
always be aware of what when medicating bovine
withdrawal times
six ways to administer oral medication to bovine
water source
feed additive
balling gun
drenching
Frick speculum
rumen (gastric) intubation
feed additive is not a ______ method
reliable
balling gun
two things that balling guns are used to administer
capsule or bolus
what is a bolus
very large tablet
where is the balling gun introduced, then it is redirected caudally
interdental space
what species is a balling gun not suited for
horses
Liquid medication directly into oral cavity
drenching
Frick speculum
Metal tube passed like balling gun
Frick speculum
three things the Frick speculum deliveres
bolus
liquids
orogastric tube
what does rumen (gastric) intubation releive
bloat
do not elevate head during rumen (gastric) intubation to avoid what
aspiration pneumonia
In bovine
intramuscular injections can cause what and ruin meat
scars
what do intramuscular injections risk with bovine
abscess
what kind of needle should be used intramuscular injections in bovine
smallest needle possible
In 🐄 🐮
no more than how many mls should be injected per intramuscular site
10 ml
separate IM injections in bovine by how much
4 inches
avoid what kind of hide for IM injections in cattle
wet or dirty
what kind of disinfection should be avoided in syringes
chemical disinfection
how often should needles be replaced for IM injections (because of bent needles)
every 10-15 head
never mix what in syringes
Medications
what is important to keep when giving IM injections to bovine
records
last resort of IM injections in cattle
gluteals
IM injections in the longissiums dorsi can ruin what
hide
preferred site for IM injections in cattle
lateral cervical
(Neck)
preferred IV site for cattle
jugular
what kind of IV should be used in cattle
Bell IV
preferred location for sq fluids in cattle
flank fold
how many mls can be given sq in adults and calves
250 ml adults
50 ml calves
where is TB test done in cattle
caudal tail fold
how can you give sq vs IM injections using a pistol grip syringe
use a shorter needle
preferred location for IV catheterization in cattle
jugular
wet cow treatment is used in what kind of cow
lactating cow
dry cow treatment is used in what kind of cow
not lactating cow
wet cow treatment is ______ acting anitbiotics
short
dry cow treatment is _______ acting antibiotics
long
when should intramammary infusion be done
after milking
after intramammary infusion, hold teat closed and ______ udder
massage
what should be observed with intramammary infusion
withdrawal times
mastitis tubes
teat canula (catheter)
bovines hoof are actually two what
claws
what can medical condition can bovine have in hooves
foot rot
foot health is most important in what bovine sex and why
bulls because they have to stand on hind feet to breed
three options for euthanasia for cattle
IV barbiturates
gun shot
captive bolt
cattle necropsy has the same concerns as what species
equine
what position is bovine necropsy done in
left lateral - relives gas in rumen
what should you look for in the reticulum when doing a necropsy
foreign bodies
what is normal for the kidneys when doing a necropsy
lumpy kidneys
