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Large Animal Clinical Procedures > Bovine > Flashcards

Bovine Flashcards

1
Q

three locations for venous blood sampling in bovine

A

jugular
coccygeal
sq abdominal vein (milk vein)

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2
Q

another name for the sq abdominal vein

A

milk vein

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3
Q

how should the head be held for jugular blood draws in bovine

A

extended and slightly away

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4
Q

what gauge needle should be used for bovine jugular draws

A

(Large gauge)
16-18 gauge

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5
Q

what gauge needle should be used for coccygeal blood draws

A

18-20 gauge (small than jugular)

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6
Q

how long do you hold the site of a coccygeal blood draw and why

A

15 seconds
for hematoma

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7
Q

when should the milk vein (sq abdominal vein) be used for blood draws

A

as a last resort - frequent hematomas and prolonged bleeding

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8
Q

arterial blood draws are ______ done in bovine

A

rarely

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9
Q

where could arterial blood draws be done in bovine

A

auricular (ear)
leg arteries

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10
Q

where is abdominocentesis done in cattle and why

A

right of midline
to avoid the rumen

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11
Q

what length needle should be used for bovine abdominocentesis

A

1 1/2” to 3” needle

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12
Q

In 🐄 🐮 🐄

two ways to collect rumen fluid

A

orogastric tube
rumenocentesis

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13
Q

In 🐄 🐮

location for rumenocentesis

A

left and caudal to xyphoid process

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14
Q

two ways to do urine collection on FEMALE bovine

A

voided
catheter

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15
Q

stroking the skin beneath the vulva until urination happens

A

titillating the perineum

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16
Q

what can prevent the passage of a catheter in female bovine

A

Suburethral Diverticulum (blind sac in urethra)

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17
Q

why is it near impossible to catheterize a male bovine

A

sigmoid flexure

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18
Q

two ways to do cerebrospinal fluid sampling in bovine

A

Atlantooccipital
Lumbosaccral

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19
Q

what must be consulted before medicating bovine

A

FARAD

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20
Q

what does FARAD stand for

A

food animal residue avoidance databank

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21
Q

always be aware of what when medicating bovine

A

withdrawal times

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22
Q

six ways to administer oral medication to bovine

A

water source
feed additive
balling gun
drenching
Frick speculum
rumen (gastric) intubation

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23
Q

feed additive is not a ______ method

A

reliable

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24
Q
A

balling gun

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25
Q

two things that balling guns are used to administer

A

capsule or bolus

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26
Q

what is a bolus

A

very large tablet

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27
Q

where is the balling gun introduced, then it is redirected caudally

A

interdental space

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28
Q

what species is a balling gun not suited for

A

horses

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29
Q

Liquid medication directly into oral cavity

A

drenching

30
Q
A

Frick speculum

31
Q

Metal tube passed like balling gun

A

Frick speculum

32
Q

three things the Frick speculum deliveres

A

bolus
liquids
orogastric tube

33
Q

what does rumen (gastric) intubation releive

A

bloat

34
Q

do not elevate head during rumen (gastric) intubation to avoid what

A

aspiration pneumonia

35
Q

In bovine

intramuscular injections can cause what and ruin meat

A

scars

36
Q

what do intramuscular injections risk with bovine

A

abscess

37
Q

what kind of needle should be used intramuscular injections in bovine

A

smallest needle possible

38
Q

In 🐄 🐮

no more than how many mls should be injected per intramuscular site

A

10 ml

39
Q

separate IM injections in bovine by how much

A

4 inches

40
Q

avoid what kind of hide for IM injections in cattle

A

wet or dirty

41
Q

what kind of disinfection should be avoided in syringes

A

chemical disinfection

42
Q

how often should needles be replaced for IM injections (because of bent needles)

A

every 10-15 head

43
Q

never mix what in syringes

A

Medications

44
Q

what is important to keep when giving IM injections to bovine

A

records

45
Q

last resort of IM injections in cattle

A

gluteals

46
Q

IM injections in the longissiums dorsi can ruin what

A

hide

47
Q

preferred site for IM injections in cattle

A

lateral cervical

(Neck)

48
Q

preferred IV site for cattle

A

jugular

49
Q

what kind of IV should be used in cattle

A

Bell IV

50
Q

preferred location for sq fluids in cattle

A

flank fold

51
Q

how many mls can be given sq in adults and calves

A

250 ml adults
50 ml calves

52
Q

where is TB test done in cattle

A

caudal tail fold

53
Q

how can you give sq vs IM injections using a pistol grip syringe

A

use a shorter needle

54
Q

preferred location for IV catheterization in cattle

A

jugular

55
Q

wet cow treatment is used in what kind of cow

A

lactating cow

56
Q

dry cow treatment is used in what kind of cow

A

not lactating cow

57
Q

wet cow treatment is ______ acting anitbiotics

A

short

58
Q

dry cow treatment is _______ acting antibiotics

A

long

59
Q

when should intramammary infusion be done

A

after milking

60
Q

after intramammary infusion, hold teat closed and ______ udder

A

massage

61
Q

what should be observed with intramammary infusion

A

withdrawal times

62
Q
A

mastitis tubes

63
Q
A

teat canula (catheter)

64
Q

bovines hoof are actually two what

A

claws

65
Q

what can medical condition can bovine have in hooves

A

foot rot

66
Q

foot health is most important in what bovine sex and why

A

bulls because they have to stand on hind feet to breed

67
Q

three options for euthanasia for cattle

A

IV barbiturates
gun shot
captive bolt

68
Q

cattle necropsy has the same concerns as what species

A

equine

69
Q

what position is bovine necropsy done in

A

left lateral - relives gas in rumen

70
Q

what should you look for in the reticulum when doing a necropsy

A

foreign bodies

71
Q

what is normal for the kidneys when doing a necropsy

A

lumpy kidneys

Large Animal Clinical Procedures (10 decks)

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